Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 69. (Budapest 1977)
Lotterhof, E.: On the problem of gracilization in the Central Danubian Basin, II.
earlier. She mentions the interesting fact that obviously quite apart from each other DEBETS and KURTH connects the same environmental factor with gracilization, in particular the transition to agriculture and settling. In my previous study (LOTTERHOF 1976), I examined the material of three native cemeteries on the basis of the robustieity index and compared them to the anthropological material of some cemeteries dating from different archeological periods and originating from different geographical territories. In this study I examined the same population on the basis of calculated body weight. The question arises whether the dirrerences and similarities ascertainable by the robustieity index might also be proved by body weight. Whether we can or cannot draw a conclusion from the body weight to ascertain gracilization of a given population. Material and method My material derives from three native cemeteries: Somogyszil, Tác — from the Roman period (unprocessed), Tiszalök-Rázompuszta from the 11th century (LOTTERHOF 1974), besides Mesolithic, Neolithic, Bronze Age, Scythian and Sarmatian populations from Ukraine (KONDUKTOROVA 1972, 1973) as well as a Sarmatian population from the territory of the Lower Volga (TÓTH & FIRSTEIN 1970). I calculated the body weight by using DEBETS' (DEBETS & DYRNOVO 1971) formula. The calculation is based on the measurements of the femur, the tibia and the humerus relating separately to males and females on the basis of the mean values of the right side. Males: W = 7.41U+64.21-1.07K Females: W = 7.41U+68.50-1.07K where K is a combined coefficient in the case of males TL K = 0.144 (FL + TL) + 27.6 +14.57 FL in the case of females TL K = 0.148(FL + TL) + 22.0 — +19.41 FL where FL = the maximum length of the femur TL = the full length (from the lateral condyle to the medial malleolus) of the tibia, in centimetres the value of the U is both with males and females U = F M 8 F M! + T Mio T Mi + H M 7 H Mi where F = femur, T = tibia, H = humerus, M = measurements in decimetres according to MARTIN. Results Let us first examine the populations of the cemeteries originating from Hungary. On the basis of the robustieity index the two cemeteries from the Roman Period (Tác, Somogyszil) differ from each other. The male series of the population of Tác is more robust than that of Somogyszil, with the female population the situation is the other way around, i.e. the female series of Somogyszil is more robust than that of Tác. In the population of Tác the difference between the two sexes is greater. A more gracile female series belongs to the robust male series. In the case of Somogyszil the difference is more indistinct (LOTTERHOFF 1976). Can these differences also be shown by the body weight? Taking into consideration the data of Table 1 we can see that in this case the answer is yes. The body weight of the male series of the population of Tác is heavier than that of Somogyszil. But with the female series the body weight of the females of Somogyszil is heavier. If within
