Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 69. (Budapest 1977)

Lotterhof, E.: On the problem of gracilization in the Central Danubian Basin, II.

the two populations we examine the difference between the male and female series separately we will see that in the case of the population of Tác the difference can be shown well. But with the population of Somogyszil no difference between the body weight of the male and female series can be shown as a matter of fact the difference is only 0.01 kg that can practically be left out of consideration. There is a demonstrable difference between the male and female series on the basis of the robustieity index though this difference is rather small. There is a difference between the male and female series in the case of the 11th century population of Tiszalök-Rázompuszta that can be shown by the robustieity index as well as by the body weight: body weight of the males is heavier. If we make a comparison of the two populations from the Roman Period on the basis of the body weight we shall see that the body weight of the male series of Tiszalök is heavier than that of the both male series of the Roman Period. The body weight of the females is heavier than that of Tác but it is lighter than that of Somogyszil. But on the basis of the robustieity index both the male and female series of the population of Tiszalök are more gracile than those of the two populations of the Roman Period. With the comparative materials drawn in from geographical territories outside -of Hungary and from different archeological periods (see Table 1) we can see that these values are greater than those of the native populations. We got especially great values in the case of the male series in the Neolithic and Bronze Age from Ukraine — we obtained similar results when we examined the robustieity index but such a high degree of difference cannot be shown. With the female series this difference is not so explicit, there are no such great differences among the calculated body weights as in the case of males. The question arises : what is reason that sometimes the results of the comparison made on the basis of the robustieity index differ from those of the body weight? (As no other data is at my disposal except the examinations of my own I have to refer again to a possibility of errors given by the small case number.) As we calculate the body weight on the basis of the measure of length and circumference •of some long bones, consequently, the greater absolute values give obviously heavier body weights. As we can see, the body weight in itself is not enough to determine the physique of a given population or to compare the different populations, since stature plays also an important role in the physique besides body weight. To make Table 1. Calculated body weight. Site, archaeological period Body weight Site, archaeological period <3 î Tác (Roman Period) 57.84 52.77 Somogyszil (Roman Period) 56.18 56.17 Tiszalök (11th c.) 61.23 53.00 Ukraine (Mesolithic) 67.54 — Ukraine (Neolithic) 76.62 61.31 Ukraine (Yamnaya culture) 72.03 51.09 Ukraine (Katakombnaya culture) 72.94 57.88 Ukraine (Srubnaya culture) 68.20 57.11 Lower Volga (Sarmatian Period) Ukraine (Scythian Period) 64.77 54.31 Lower Volga (Sarmatian Period) Ukraine (Scythian Period) 66.27 51.19 Ukraine (Sarmatian Period) 67.68 56.87