Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 66. (Budapest 1974)

Kol, E.: Trochiscia (Chlorophyta) red snow from Swedish Lapland

90 percent of the red snow vegetation was represented by Trochiscia americana var. lapponica var. n., and 10 per cent of it by Chlamydomonas sanguinea LAGERH. {Figs. 1, 15, 16, 24), Cryocystis granulosa KOL (Figs. 11—13), Scotiella norvegica KOL Fig. 17), Scotiella nivalis (SHUTTLEW.) FRITSCH. (Figs. 21—23), Gloeocapsa ralfsii (BOHL.) LEMM. (Fig. 20), Stigonema sp., Chionaster bicornis KOL (Fig. 18),C'Monaster nivalis (BOHL.) WILLE (Fig. 19). Besides microorganisms there were also fragments of plant origin and fungus spores present in the snow sample. It is an interesting feature of kryoseston discoloration that black snow is mingled to the brick-red snow. Comparative data of the microorganisms found in the red snow Norddalsfjeld Environs Microorganism Mt. Swedish of Finse Lappland Norway Algae Chlorophytae Chlamydomonas nivalis (BAU.) WILLE + + G hlamydomonas sanguinea LAGERH. + + Cryocystis (Chodatella) granulosa KOL + Mesotaenium berggrenii (WITTR.) LAGERH. + Scotiella nivalis (SHUTTLEW.) FRITSCH + + Scotiella norvegica KOL + Raphidonema nivale LAGERH. + + Trochiscia americana var. lapponica var. n. + Trochiscia rubra KOL + {Trochiscia cryophila var. rubra KOL) Cyanophyta Cloeocapsa ralfsii (HARV.) LEMM. + Stigonema sp. + Fungi Chionaster bicornis KOL + + Chionaster nivalis (BOHL.) WILLE + + Chytridium chlamydococcii A. BR. + Table shows that in the brick-red snow of Swedish Lappland many such microorganisms occurred that were also found in the red snow in the environs of Finse (KOL 1963). Trochiscia species seldom occur in such quantities that would cause discoloration of snow. In the literature, there is mention made, to my knowledge, only of two cases of Trochiscia kryoseston discoloration. In more than one snow-field of the Rocky Mountains, North America, the Trochiscia americana (KOL 1968), and in the snow-fields at Finse, Norway the Trochiscia rubra KOL (KOL 1963, 1968) caused red snow. 8 = greater daughter cell with thin cell-wall, 9 = cell with cell-wall decorated with small spines and warts, 10 = cell with spined cell-wall. Figs. 11 — 13. Cryocystis granulosa KOL (x 1000) in different stages of development. — Fig. 14. Chionaster nivalis (BOHLIN) WILLE — Figs. 15 — 16, 24. Chlamydomonas sanguinea LAGERH. (X 500); various resting stages: 14 = with layered cell-wall, 15 = with thick cell-wall, 24 = with gelatinous sheath. — Fig. 17. Scotiella norvegica KOL (X 1000). — Fig. 18. Chionaster bicornis KOL (X 1000). — Fig. 19. Chionaster nivalis (BOHL.) WILLE (X 1000). -* Fig. 20. Cloeocapsa ralfsii (BOHL.) LEMM. (X 1000). — Figs. 21 — 23. Scotiella novalis (SHUTTLEW.) FRITSCH. (X 1000) in different stages of development.