Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 66. (Budapest 1974)

Kol, E.: Trochiscia (Chlorophyta) red snow from Swedish Lapland

62 E. KOL The Trochiscia red snow reported here is the third one the alga of which is known. It follows from the aboves that the three red snows were caused by different Trochiscia species each. It is characteristic, that nearly every algal species found in the snow samples was in an early stage of development, and only a few completely developed forms and small numbers of species in the resting stage occurred. Chlamydomonas sanguinea LAGERH. (Figs. 1, 15, 16, 24) Spherical, bright-red cells, 32—40 p in diameter, with thin (Fig. 1) or thick layered cell-wall (Figs. 15—16) occasionally with gelatinous sheath (Fig. 24). Only a few nonmotile forms were found. The species was described first by LAGERHEIM from the red snow of Pichincha volcano, South America. Since then it has been found in more than one places in Europe. It was found to cauese red snow in the Alps (KOL 1968), in the High Tatra (KOL 1969), and near Finse, Norway (KOL 1963). It is one of the rare kryobiontic algal species that cause kryoseston discoloration in both the southern and the northern hemisphere. Cryocystis granulosa KOL Figs. 11—13) (= Chodatella granulosa KOL) Oval or ovoid cells, 10—15 /j, wide and 15—27 p long, with cell-wall ornamented with warts, were found in various stages of development in the snow sample. The species is abundant in the North American Rocky Mountains and in the snowfled of Grönland. Scotiella nivalis (SHUTTLEW) FRITSCH (Figs. 21—23) One of the most frequent kryobionts is bipolar. It is very frequent in the snowfields of both the northern and the southern hemisphere. The specimens of each species found in the snow sample originating from Swedish Lappland were in various stages of development. The spherical young and oval cells had various sizes and were numerous. There were only a few individuals with cell-wall ornamented with ribs. Scotiella norvegica KOL (Fig. 17) Spindle shaped cells, 15 /j, wide by 40 p long, with spirally decurrent ribs. In the sample only a few specimen were found. This algal species was first described by KOL (1968) from the red snow near Finse. Trochiscia americana var. lapplandica var. n. (Figs. 2—10) Proximum adest ad Trochiscia americana KOL sed differt ab eo: 1. coloris cellularum, 2. ornamentation cellularum, 3. dimensione cellularum. Habit, in nivibus rubris Swedish Lapland. Description — Spherical cells, 10—20 p in diameter. The cell-walls of the young cells are thin and smooth (Figs. 2, 7, 8), those of the older ones become thickened (Fig. 2), first undulated (Fig. 3) later decorated with small, sparsely loca-