Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 65. (Budapest 1973)
Szujkó-Lacza, J. ; Fekete, G.: Synphenological changes in the vegetation of a submediterranean oak forest (Orno-Quercetum)
connection between the two seems probable. (The statistical validity —and parameters — in this connection were desirable to be shown by adequately posed investigations, since in associations of a great species number, as the present one, the direct measuring of the leaf area index is highly complicated and also methodically still unsolved.) Species with contiguously growing shoots and simultaneously with a developed surface are to be found in smaller numbers in all months of the investigated period ; the minimum appears when those with a wholly developed canopy occur in the greatest number. The connection of the reproductive phase with the developed shoot and leaf surfaces is unequivocal. The joint occurrence of less developed shoot primordia and reproductive phenomena (21-22 and at the same time 31-34) occurred only exceptionally, primarily in ligneous or lignifying perennials (Cerasus mahaleb, Quercus pubescens, Ulmus carpinifolia, Lithospermum purpureo-coeruleum, Teucrium chamaedrys). In addition, we have registrated these combined phenomena (on variously aged specimens, at identical points of time) of Euphorbia cyparissias, a species with a special development, and of Erysimum pannonicum. The number of specific populations showing signs of also the organizing phase is the greatest in March-May. However, a number of species attain the organizatory phase in every month, the fewest in July, when the number of species in the fertile stage is the highest. The maximum of desorganization phenomena appears, as is to be expected, in October. There is a certain kind of denudation also in July in the case of 4 species, at the time when the phenomena of fully developed canopy and flowering appear combined, and with the greatest frequency in the association. Dactylis glomerata, for instance, rapidly loses a part of its basal blades in July, at flowering time. The presence of developing vegetative and at the same time desorganization phenomena (21-23 and simultaneously 42-43) within the same population can be found in one species till July and in two till August. The maximum value (8) was observed in September and October. Dactylis glomerata was for 5 months in the state of these stages with opposite directions, Brachypodium silvaticum for 4, Oryzopsis virescens for 3, and Brachypodium pinnatum and Teucrium chamaedrys for 2 each, while the following 11 species only for 1 month each (Alliaria petiolata. Campanula rapunculoides, C. persicifolia, Carduus collinus, Carex polyphylla, Geum urbanum, Galium mollugo, Hierackim cymosum, Euphorbia cyparissias, Inula conyza, and Melica uniflora). In a certain sense, the combined phenomena of bud forming and desorganization — in the category of tree and shrub species — would belong also to this group of jointly occurring phenomena ; for their satisfactory evaluation a better knowledge of the morphology of their quiescent stage is needed. Multiannual fluctuation The first phytocoenological survey of the oakwood stand was made in 1966, by a record of 94 species. On the other hand, Table 4 lists 74 species between April 1970 and March 1971 ; of these, Carex michelii is a new member of the community. Beginning with April 1971, there appeared Ajuga genevensis, Crepis nicaeensis and Lactuca quercina ssp. sagittata, registered in 1966 but missing in the preceding (1970)
