Rotarides Mihály (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 33. (Budapest 1940)

Tóth, L.: The protein metabolism of the Aphids

in excrements and during reproduction (metabolism balance), then these two values ought to be completely in accord. If not, if the quantity discharged is greater than that taken up, then protein synthesis must go on in the body of the Aphid, and the source of the nitrogen, needed for this, may be the air alone. It is difficult to reject!!, the further consequence, that as elementary nitrogen of the air cannot be used up by animals, their vegetal symbionts carry out the part instead. There is still another way, which may bring us nearer to the solution of the problem. But, unfortunately, also this way has its hindrances. The necessary respiratory apparatus itself, and its construction is very circumstantial. This method is based on the fixing of the respiratory quotient and consists in comparing the C0

2 given away during gas metabolism with the 0

2 taken up, quantitatively. As the food of Aphids is carbohydrate in over 90 %, the proportion of the two values must give 1 it does not reach 1, it will prove, that the animal uses up more protein (fat cannot be counted with in this case) or, discharges more, than what it has taken up by its food. Now, following the above ideology, this means that the animal must dispose of other protein quantities, besides the nourishment taken up. REFERENCES. BÜCHNER, P., Tier und Pflanze in Symibose, II. Auflage, Berlin, 1930. — BÜSGEN, M., Der Honigtau. Biologische Studien an Pflanzen und Pflanzenläusen, Z. Naturwiss. 25. (1891). — KOSTYTSCHEW, S., Lehrbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie, Bd. 2. (1931). — PAILLOT, A., L'Infection chez Insectes, Trévoux, 1935. — PEKLO, J., Uber symbiontische Bakterien der Aphiden, Vorl. Mitt. Ber. dtsch. bot. Ges. 30. (1912). — RAUNER, E., Über die Zusammensetzung des Honigtaues usw., Z. anal. Chem. 33. (1894). — RAWITSCHER, F., Wohin stechen die Pflanzenläuse? Z. Bot. 26. (1933). — ROBERG, M., Beiträge zur Biologie von Azotobakter, Jb. Bot. 82. (1936). — SCHOEL, W., Bot. Arch. 35. (1934). — SCHWARTZ, W., Die physiologischen Grundlagen der Symbiosen von Tieren mit Pilzen und Bakterien, VIL Internat. Kongress f. Entomol. 1958, Weimar, 1939. — TÓTH, L., Uber die frühembryonale Entwicklung der viviparen Aphiden, Z. Morph, u. ökol. Tiere, 27. (1933). — TÓTH, L, Entwicklungszyklus und Symbiose von Pemphigus spirothecae Pass. (Aphidina), Z. Morph, u. ökol. Tiere, 33. (1937). If, however,