Czére Andrea szerk.: A Szépművészeti Múzeum közleményei 105. (Budapest, 2006)

MARIANNA DÁGI: Training the Eye: Technical Details as Clues in the Attribution of Ancient Jewellery

3. Inv. no. 55.199.1 (figs. 3/a-o.) Hoop: twisted from four plain wires. The ends worked together into a single plain tapering wire which is caught in the catch-ring soldered under the bull's chin. The catch-ring was made from a strip of sheet gold. The tapering end of the hoop was originally bent however now it is almost broken off. The wires soldered together at the bottom of the hoop. Connecting element: simple connecting element composed of a base-sheet folded in the shape of a truncated cone. It is divided into two parts by the decoration. At the hoop, a row of long arches made from strip-twisted (?) filigree wires soldered onto the sheet. The edge of the sheet is scalloped to fit the arches, but straight at the last arch (fig. 3/j.). The base-sheet is embossed from the underside within and also between the arches (figs. 3/f-g). A pair of wires, one strip-twisted and one plain filigree wire, soldered to the open end of the row of arches, and also to the join of the head and the connecting element. The pediment-shaped section surrounded by these wires is left undecorated and lightly embossed from the back. Head: the head embossed with matrix (?) from a circular sector or pie-piece shaped sheet. The edges of the sheet soldered together under the bull's chin. The nape and the back part of the left horn made from separate piece of sheet. The horns formed from the projections of the sheet of the head and the nape. The ears sculpturally shaped. The ear hole indicated by a punched dot. The eyes indicated by holes pierced from outside. Originally ball-shaped inlay (glass?) was in them: it is now inside the head. Punching was applied to make the fur on the brow, the nape, and the neck, and also the nostrils and the corner of the eye. Sharply chased lines indicate the wrinkles around the eyes, at the bottom of the ears, and some on the neck. Tool-marks: round shaped punch-mark with U-section (ears); punch mark in the shape of a long, arched line with V-section (?) (nostrils); straight line-like punch-mark with U-section (brow, nape, and fur on the cheek); straight line-like punch-mark with V-section (corner of the eye and tear-duct); sharp line-like marks of a V-sectioned chasing tool (wrinkles around eyes and on cheek). Condition: the surface of the sheet and the wires melted at the join of the hoop and the connecting element, and also at the join of the connecting element and the head. The sheet is torn on both ears and also 3/m 3/n I/o ANCIENT Rh PA 1RS ON HEAD OF BULL'5-HEAD HOOP EARRING WITH SIMPLE CONNECTING ELEMENT