Csornay Boldizsár - Dobos Zsuzsa - Varga Ágota - Zakariás János szerk.: A Szépművészeti Múzeum közleményei 98. (Budapest, 2003)

GYŐRY, HEDVIG: A Pataikos with Hawks on the Shoulders

Isis-Maat is the standard, occasionally emerging from, or carved in, a backboard. Usually a pair of hawks is sitting on the shoulders, but - perhaps following the example of Meroe - a Theban amulet is holding baboons instead.

43 New types of crowns appeared, e.g. the Amun feathers,

44 the hemhem crown,

45 or the double ostrich feather crown,

46 and sometimes also the head took on a new aspect or animal shape (e.g. of lion,

47 jackal,

48 baboon,

49 or crocodile

50

), or was supplemented by a youth-lock.

51 There are also new types among the bifrons compositions, for example two different animal faces.

52 And finally, with the appearance of the god with bird's body and tail,

53 a completely new iconographical type had developed, the pantheistic deity, which also appeared as Bes-Pantheos, with animal heads growing out of his body, outstretched wings, standing on crocodiles;

54 this type became the dominant one among small bronzes. DATING THE BUDAPEST AMULET The amulet of the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest, mentioned above, still shows the simple lineation without indent, which is characteristic of the Third Intermediate Period.

55 But in the reshaping of his body, the musculature is already signalled in the elaboration of the upper arm, and the excess of meat on the thighs is stressed in the representation of the legs. The almost triangular head shape is a Late Period (26th-30th Dynasty) feature, shown also in shabtis which can be dated relatively exactly.

56 Detailed shabtis with blob-like eyes in a cavity are sometimes provided with slightly outstanding and rather wide eye-lids,

57 similar to what we see with the Budapest Pataikos. This piece belongs to the rare exceptions among the complex Pataikos 43 Ibid., no. 237. 44 Daressy, op.cit. (n. 26) CG 38.807. Album phot. pl. VIII, from Abydos. 45 Ibid., CG 39.237. 46 Ibid., CG 39.270. 47 Ibid., CG. 38.821. 48 Petrie, Amulets (n. 23) no. 198; cf. with two hawk's heads, Daressy, op.cit. (n. 26) CG 38.596. 49 Ibid., CG 38.823-6, 38.827bis; from Mit Rahineh (38.825) or Tell Basta (38.826). 50 Ibid., CG. 38.827. íl Ibid., CG 38.797 - with a side-lock of youth as the Horus Child on the Horus cippi. 52 E.g. Sotheby's Antiquities, London - 9th December 1985, without page number, no. 87, with a jackal's face at the front and at the back the figure of Khnum. 53 Daressy, op.cit. (n. 26) CG 38.822-35. CG 38.826 is baboon-headed, 38.825-35 are ram-headed. 54 Ibid., CG 38.850. CG 38.851. Győry, H., Changes in styles of ordinary Pataikos amulets, in Egyptian Museum Colletions Around the World: Studies for the Centennial of the Egyptian Museum, Cairo (ed. Hawass, Z. - el-Damati, M.), Cairo 2003, 492-502. 56 E.g. Schneider, H.D.. Shabtis III, Leiden 1977, p. 65, no. 5.3.1.6: shabti of tj-hrw; Grenier. J.-CL, Les statuettes funéraires du Museo Gregoriano Egizio, Vatican 1996, no. 45, pi. 16, no. 46, pi. 17, no. 73, pi. 30 {'bd-Mwt), no. 90, pi. 38, no. 116, pi. 49 (t>,?). 57 E.g. Schneider, op.cit. (n. 56) p. 65, no. 5.3.1.16: shabti of jrfc

3-n-Pth (a type of adaptation of a Ramesside setting, cf. ibid.. pp. 25-26, nos. 3.2.1.47-48, 55).