Csornay Boldizsár - Dobos Zsuzsa - Varga Ágota - Zakariás János szerk.: A Szépművészeti Múzeum közleményei 98. (Budapest, 2003)
GYŐRY, HEDVIG: A Pataikos with Hawks on the Shoulders
figures expanded with Isis-Maal on the backboard, in which the canonical goddesses at the sides are missing. 58 Most of the amulets of this type represent the full composition, and are elaborated in a Hellenistic style. 59 The scarab is usually executed in relief, only rarely a carving 60 like in our case. The Budapest piece was most probably made during the early time of the formation of the type, eventually still in the early 26th Dynasty. THE HAWKS ON THE SHOULDERS OF THE PATAIKOS GENERAL DESCRIPTION The most usual supplementary element of the complex Pataikos-standing-on-crocodiles figures expanded with one or more gods is the pair of birds on the shoulders of the dwarf god. They are generally described as hawks/falcons, although, because of their superficial execution and small dimensions, this identification is not completely certain. Only on the basis of the analysis of the more detailed pieces it can be stated that these birds are not always sitting directly on the shoulders of the Pataikos, but that sometimes there is a base in between, in the way as it was customary to carry statues during processions. 61 In most cases, the birds do not wear crowns, but if they do, the crown is the double feather 62 . The birds are not found in the first New Kingdom complex Pataikos compositions, but came about during the Third Intermediate Period, when the pieces in which a relief figure of Nofertum is leaning against the dwarf god's back were created. The birds are also frequent with the type in which the backside is supplemented by an Isis-Maat figure, manufactured since the Late Period. As the pair of birds appeared together with other additions, it is possible that their appearance and meaning should not be explained 58 See, e.g., also, in another style. Babraj, K. - Szymanska, H., The Gods of Egypt, Archaeological Museum in Crakow. Cracow 2000, p. 49, fig. 18. 59 E.g. Schoske, S. - Wildung, D., Gott und Götter im alten Ägypten, Mainz 1993, pp. 182-183, no. 120; Brunncr-Traut, E. - Brunner. FL. Osiris, Kreuz und Halbmond. Die drei Religionen Ägyptens. Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Kestner-Museum Hannover, Mainz 1984, pp. 71, 74. no. 59; Gamer-Wallert, I., Vermerk: Fundort unbekannt. Ägyptologische Entdeckung bei Privatsammlern in und um Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1997, p. 316. no. 387; Mogensen. M.. La Glyptotheque NY Carlsberg, Copenhagen 1930. p. 35, no. A 194; Daressy, op.cit. (n. 26) p. 3 11, CG 39.244; Bonhams, Antiquities Department. Auktion 2002, lot no. 436 (http://www.bonhams.com); Leipzig, Ägyptisches Museum, inv. no. 8365 (unpublished); British Museum, inv. no. 60109 (unpublished). 6(1 E.g. Berlin 11018: Hückel. R., Über Wesen und Eigenart der Pataiken, ZÄS 70 (1934) 106. Abb. 3; Matzker, I., Gruppierung von Patäken anhand von Merkmalsvergleichen, HAB 30 (1990) 204; Gabolde, M., Catalogue des Antiquités Egyptiennes du Musée Joseph Déchelette, Roanne 1990. pp. 192-193. no. 0174: Schlick-Nolte - Droste zu Hülfshoff, op.cit. (n. 42) no. 237. 61 Cf. the statue of Panehesy with an emblem: Berlandini. J.. Ptah-démiurge et l'exaltation du ciel, RdÉ 46 (1995) pl. IL 62 Louvre 037759 (unpublished). On a nubian amulet, however, he seems to wear the double-crown of Upper and Lower Egypt: Dunham, op.cit. (n. 32) pl. LIV. no. 1 109, thus in Meroe there was there an other interpretation, too.
