Bereczki Ibolya - Cseri Miklós (szerk.): Ház és ember, A Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum évkönyve 22. (Szentendre, Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 2010)

Kemecsi Lajos: Múzeum és épülete – Kihívások és válaszok a modern múzeumépítészetben

Lajos Kemecsi MUSEUM AND ITS BUILDING Challenges and answers in modern museum architecture Merely some international pre-studies existed earlier about the subject museum and its buildings resp. the relationship between museum and architecture. As society's interest has encouraged the museum research during the past few years in Hungary, research touched upon the subject but has not dealt with it in a comprehensive way. It is indispensable that - knowing the international literature of the profession, as well as the concrete institutions, agents and notions and through their consequent implementation - we formulate our current questions and answers, since Hungary being one of the member states of the European Union is an active participant of such developments in the field of culture politics/tourism industry. The museums' functioning is prospering in both muséologie and economic sense, therefore the museum buildings to be built/rebuilt get an urban function and role. The museum is a successful branch and at the same time, a very contradictory institution of the modern time. The institution of public collection has become an excellent channel for the State as maintainer to be used as a means of program enforcement. Architectural works call the period from WWII to now a period of museums. One of today's topics in museum architecture treats the problems of re-construction - extension. The museum sphere is an excellent field of restitution, of international diplomatic and cultural interaction. One of the important elements of today's museum research is the element of selfreflexion - taking into consideration the aspects of methodological individualism. A cornerstone of international analysis is the observation that the museum's speciality - compared to other cultural, entertaining or popularising institutions - is mainly its collection. The collections and buildings of the museums regularly re-interpret each other. Well-known is the vision of a process, which leads from the buildings created for keeping art objects to buildings to be appreciated as an art object. A basic problem is to create the balance between the traditions of speculative spaces and the search for an appropriate place in the modern communication flow. This treatise analyses above subjects through the example of several international projects. To sum up, it establishes that the contemporary successful museum functions as a place, where the users and creators are aware of its permanent transformation, of the logic of new beginnings, and the museum suggests these ideas already through its building. 179