Cseri Miklós, Füzes Endre (szerk.): Ház és ember, A Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum évkönyve 20. (Szentendre, Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 2007)

SEBESTYÉN JÓZSEF: Az épített örökség dokumentálása erdélyi magyarlakta településeken (Inventarizációs program, építészeti értékleltár)

DOCUMENTATION OF BUILT HERITAGE IN SETTLEMENTS, INHABITED BY HUNGARIANS IN TRANSYLVANIA One of the most significant possibilities of heritage protection is prevention. Its most important tools - the registration of built heritage, the documentation and regular renovation of monuments to protect - can be used to reach the frequently cited authenticity and originality, expressed by heritage protection. Inventories aim to register and document the built heritage of the settlements in details. The documentations provide the basis for country planning, regulations and preservation plans; they also contribute to the maintenance, protection of substance and utilisation. In 1992, the documentation of Transylvanian Saxon cultural heritage was launched with the financial aid of the German government. After the agreements made by the German, Romanian and Romanian Hungarian partners those initiating the documentation of Transylvanian Hungarian cultural heritage from the Hungarian side reached a cooperation agreement between National Authority for Historic Monument Protection and the László Teleki Foundation, as leader of the program. The common German-Hungarian-Romanian application, handed in together by the Foundation, the NAHMP, the Siebenbürgisch-Sächsischer Kulturrat and the József Keöpeczi Sebestyén Monument Protection Association won financial support from the European Committee. In 1997, 17 settlements from Erdővidék, during 1998-1999 further 44 settlements in the Nyárád region were studied: besides valuable public and private buildings, ecclesiastical works of art, having historicultural value were also documented, photographed and surveyed. Field work and survey have begun in other regions of the Székelyföld. These tasks, complemented with huge part of the documentation works were carried out by art historian students of the University of Kolozsvár, however, several members of Transylvanian cultural institutions and civil professional organisation, Hungarian researchers and art historian students of Eötvös Loránd University, architect students of Budapest University of Technology and Economics also joined the work. The most significant monuments of built heritage in Upper Nyárád region are represented by sacred edifices. Most of the dwellings, built on the street front have brick, log or wattle-and-daub walls with 2-3 rooms. In the examined region the richest built heritage can be found in Berekeresztúr and Mikháza. In the confines of the inventorisation program the historic data sheets, the registrations and photo documentation of real assets and ecclesiastical movables were earned out, the buildings were put on maps (1:5000), the detailed survey of different significant monuments, dwellings determining settlement view and outbuildings on characteristic yards was also performed. The ready sheets contain the variations and etymology of place names, data about the administrative and ecclesiastical system, the changes in settlement territory, expansion and structure, the old and present-day road network, legal status and information about the social, ethnic and religious layers of village society. The infonnation is closed with the description of archaeological sites and a short summary of settlement history.