Cseri Miklós, Füzes Endre (szerk.): Ház és ember, A Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum évkönyve 20. (Szentendre, Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 2007)

ALMÁSI ISTVÁN: Az erdélyi magyar népzene jellegzetességei

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HUNGARIAN FOLK MUSIC IN TRANSYLVANIA Béla BARTÓK was the first to highlight a peculiar phenomenon, namely that there are certain different characteristics in the old style traditional music region by region. However, Hungarian folk music is a complex of uniform spiritual creations in all Hungarian speaking areas. The peculiarities concerning old melodies in historic Transylvania (and the Székely villages of Bukovina) were picked up on the basis of examples, collected in Székelyföld and Kalotaszeg. The research work of László LAJTHA and Pál JÁRDÁNYI, carried out in Central-Transylvania revealed new characteristics both in vocal and in instrumental music. They discovered the melodies with expanded lines, emerging in connection with traditional dance music. Oszkár DINCSÉR reviewed the folk groups of two members, playing on the violin and the gardon, popular in the villages of Csík and Gyimes. After expanding the research work, it turned out, that the so-called psalmodie melodies are known only in Transylvania and among the Csángó population, moving to Moldva from Transylvania. The proportion of tunes, known only in certain areas is the highest in Mezőség and the region between Maros and KisKüküllő. Asymmetric rhythms are frequent in the dance music of these two regions and of the villages of Gyimes-Valley. Furthermore, in Mezőség, the new style tunes are presented slower and with ornaments, in an archaic way. It is the sign of inner regional differentiation that most of the peculiarities, presented as Transylvanian cannot be found everywhere in the territory, only in one or more smaller or bigger region. The most archaic traditions are that of the Csángó population of Gyimes.