Cseri Miklós, Füzes Endre (szerk.): Ház és ember, A Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum évkönyve 18. (Szentendre, Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 2005)
TÓTH BOGLÁRKA: A csíkmenasági Adorján-ház
Boglárka Tóth THE ADORJÁN-HOUSE FROM CSÍKMENASÁG The dwelling house and roofed gate of the Szekler head of clan, the Adorján-family in Csíkmenaság (County Hargita, Romania) were pronounced monuments in 1955. The house has not been inhabited since the 1980s, since then the state of the building and the gate has been declining continuosly, the roof has broken in at several points, the building became dangerous. Before the reconstruction, the author did a detailed research of the building, a dendrochronological analysis, complemented with a surve of the state in 2001. In this essay the author publishes the reconstructed history of the building on the basis of the results of the research, the detailed description of its state and the architectural surveys of the monument. The great gate of the Adorján-yard was erected in 1828 by Imre Adorján, according to its label (Photo 3). The dwelling house is a log building, built on a stone cellar, on stone foundation, belonging to the most developed type of the Szekler house concerning the layout (called house with a drip): the first room and the back room open in eastern and western direction from the middle part, the open drip, all of which constitute a three-room building. In all the rooms there is a pantry opening from the inner, northern corner (Photo 6). A specialty of the house is that the stone-vaulted cellar can be entered not just from the drip, but from the back room, on a camberstair. In front of the southern and eastern facade there is a porch with a balustrade. Two inscriptions can be found in the house: according to one on a binding joist, the house had been built in 1797, by Imre Adorján, the other says it had been rebuilt in 1835 by the younger Imre Adorján. (Photo 17-19) Other special features of the building are the boards of the ceiling arranged in pine-tree form and the decorations on the western facade (Photo 15-16). The history of the house can be reconstructed on the basis of the research of the building, the analysis of the written sources and its comparison with ethnographical data and the information gathered from the previous owners of the building. On the basis of the dendo-chronological analysis and the research we can state that the house was built in 1835, in one period. The binding joists and the boards of the ceiling and the binding joist of the drip, which is similarly decorated are secondary elements, originating from the first dwelling house from 1797. This previous house can be reconstructed with the following layout: drip small room behind the drip-(pantry)room-side pantry (Photo 25. 1.). In 1835, the younger Imre Adorján constructed a stone cellar and a new three-room house (Photo 25. 2.). The porch was erected four years later (Photo 25. 3.). It was opened together with the two pantries behind, to be able to locate the oven here. Then they built a separate bakehouse (Photo 25. 4.). The tiled open fireplace of the back room could be reconstructed, it heated the pantry behind through an aperture. In the middle of the 20 ,h century, it was replaced by an iron range and the aperture between the pantry and the room was walled off (Photo 20). The house is owned by the Monument Protection Association of Csík, some of the restorations have already made.
