Kecskés Péter (szerk.): Ház és ember, A Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum Közleményei 1. (Szentendre, Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 1980)

Közlemények - GRÁFIK IMRE: A makói paraszt-polgár ház

of that time can be identified with the one found in former Só street apart from the main square formed in the second half of the 18th century in the eastern part of the socalled newtown settlement. The time of building up the living house - more exactly - the time of beginning the building up after the familie's remembrance is baund to the birth of Szálai János, who was the grandfather of the present owner and was born in 1862. The building in its form is one of those 300 houses . - one of the 3 % of all living houses, which have their origin in the first half of that period when all buildings in town have been built. The building up solutions of the living house, its fundamental apportioning and the functional order of its rooms, according to the material still existing nowdays, analogies and entries of the special literature, is the result of more building phases. The building represents the peasant — citizen's stratum of the recent borough society. The formation period of this stratum - taking into consideration fust the practice of classical way of building represented by just this building, secondly the form and way of living of the peasants just getting rich can we place this period into the third third period of the 19th century. This is the period, of which beginning determins the middle of the 19th century and the and the time before the first World War and which period has called the son of Makó and its best knower as ,j.nterim times", writes the following: „In the second half of the century there became already citizencapitalistical possibilities of production and more advanced methods of production became common; on their influence has the society of the borough tipped out of its peasant's balance. Its production has conformed to the export possibilities, and citizens' demands arose as well, the way of building of this interim time is olso interim. Beside the old buildingmaterial, new ones got into use and a house had to fulfd more varied needs than before. But the change has developed exact and caracteristical forms, and has made them common. This way of budding still follows the peasant traditions, but takes into consideration the new materials and the needs as well. The above mentioned statements in wider sence refer to the practice of common furnishing of the living houses as well. To the urban house of Makó belongs a farm also, and considering the practice and the orientation of the small-holding, we can call it a peasant economy. In the housekeeping the proportion of corn growing is bigger and its caracteristic complement is the growing of onion - over domestic needs. Therefore it becomes prossible to show the implement-set of producing and processing this specific monoculture of Makó.