J. Antall szerk.: Medical history in Hungary 1972. Presented to the XXIII. International Congress of the History of Medicine / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 6. (Budapest, 1972)

M. Vida: State-Models (Utopias) and Sociology of Medicine

32 Medical History in Hungary 1972 (Comm. Hist. Artis Med. Suppl. 6.) his phalanstery later on, was the law of gravitation of inclination, the "attraction passionelle."

6

2 In 1882 the phalanx was finished with its system and structure. Among the dry data and tables "The Theory of Universal Concorde" he painted in a colourful and fascinating manner the life of phalanstery, the life of elderly and young people living with music and poetry, making one celebration after the other in the splendid phalanstery palaces, the beautiful "vestalinas", the paradise of children and the joy of work in the fields.

6

3 Their time-table and roles are nearly like in barracks, they fix the time of everything, even of love. Nevertheless, "

freedom is such as having not been dared to think of"

—Fourier said

—because people enter voluntary and enjoy full freedom inside the order.

64 However the encouraging and cheerful life in the phalanstery translated into practical life by Imre Madách in his work "The Tragedy of Man" took a frightening shape confronting past and present in his imagined Utopia.

65 In Madách's imagination this new society meant that all activity, wish and thoughts were uniformed within narrow compass and forced into previously classified predestinated patterns. Though Adam would follow rationalist communism. Society such as: "...7 dream of a Community, To guard, not punish, to inspire, not check, Endevour, by a great Co-operation, Such as the Mind of Science could conceive And o'er whose order Intellect would watch."™ Yet he is disappointed, because he does not find character, strength or independent thoughts, furthermore the pleasure of danger in anything. At the same time science created a dull school for children, instead of happiness. Plato has to kneel down on peas being wrapt in thoughts, Michelangelo is condemned to carve chairlegs and is punished for untidiness of his workshop.

67 Is really everybody born so equally by that society? Was Fourier working hard for the creation of a society without characters? Imre Madách was right regarding those practical problems that overorganization and extreme direction 6

2 Fourier, Ch. : Theorie des quatre mouvements et destunées générales. — Firstly it was published nameless in 1808, or rather the author vas noted as "Charles"* 6

3 Fourier, Ch. : Traité de l'association domestiques agricole ou attraction industrielle. 1822. Title of following publications: Théorie de l'unité universelle. 6

4 Bebel, A.

: Charles Fourier élete és eszméi. Ford. Haraszti Sándor. (Life and Ideas of Charles Fourier. Trans . S. Haraszti.) Bp. 1962. We write about his system on the basis of this work, because of the difficult terminology. The analysis was carried out by Bebel using the publication of "L'harmonie Universelle et la Phalanstere" in 1848. This publication was compiled by Fourier's followers. 6

5 Madách, I.

: Az ember tragédiája. (The Tragedy of Man.) 1860. 6

6 Madách, I.

: Az ember tragédiája. Összes művei. (The Tragedy of Man. Collected Works.) Vol. I, Bp. 1942. 6

7 Dános—Kovács op. cit. 330 — 332 pp.; see Bebel op. cit. 15 p.