Bakos Katalin - Manicka Anna szerk.: Párbeszéd fekete-fehérben, Lengyel és magyar grafika 1918–1939 (MNG, Warszawa–Budapest, 2009)

II. HÁROM SZÓLAMBAN A LENGYEL ÉS MAGYAR MŰVÉSZETRŐL, MŰVÉSZETTÖRTÉNETRŐL ÉS TÖRTÉNELEMRŐL - Tokai Gábor: Lengyelország és Magyarország művészeti kapcsolatai a két világháború között

refugees. The possibility of education was ensured: in addition to 35 primary schools Hungary was the only country in that-time Europe in which a secondary school was operative with a Polish curriculum in the Polish language, and nearly 500 young Poles studied at Hungarian universities. It is a sign of the society's sympathy that in June 1943 even a small exhibition of works by the refugees was staged in the Alkotás Művészház (Creation Artists House).

49 Apart from 23 painters and graphic artists, 3 sculptors and 2 photographers, 67 people put applied art objects and artefacts on display.

50 Under the politically unfavourable climate of the interwar years, the artistic relations between Poland and Hungary were mostly reduced to mutual debuts influenced by the official ideologies, but the sympathetic feelings cherished by the two nations for one another over the centuries were not only manifest in the reception of these exhibitions but can also be detected in the emergence of unofficial communication in diverse areas of the art scene. Gábor Tokai 1. An important source of the interwar period is the representative bilingual album published in 1936: Magyarország és Lengyelország. Magyar-lengyel kapcsolatok a történelemben, kultúrában és gazdasági téren [Hungary and Poland. Hungarian-Polish relations in history, culture and economy]. Ed.: Huszár K., Budapest-Warszawa 1946. On historical relations see the relevant sections of the two synthetic works: Szokolay K., Lengyelország története [A history of Poland], Budapest 1996; Kapronczay K., A magyar-lengyel történelmi kapcsolatok évszázadai [Centuries of Hungarian-Polish historical relations], Budapest 2000. For the Polish-Hungarian contacts in the 1930s, see: Czettler A., Lengyel tervek Közép-Európa újrarendezésére, és Kárpátalja visszatérése a magyar anyaországhoz 1939 márciusában [Polish plans to reshuffle Central Europe, and the return ofTranscarpathia to the parent country in March 1939], "Magyar Szemle", 2001, nos 7-8 and 9-10. 2. Although in 1921 the Hungarian-Polish Chamber was founded in Hungary followed by the Polish-Hungarian Chamber in Warsaw in 1923, and even a trade agreement was signed in 1925, the bilateral economic relations remained insignificant owing to the similar economic profiles of the two countries. 3. Paradoxically, the English orientation of the Hungarian foreign policies of the 1920s was replaced by an attraction to Germany during Gömbös' premiership, hence the two countries could not draw their ties tighter before Germany had signed a non-aggression pact with Poland on January 26, 1934. 4. Polish conceptions also included a union of Slovakia and Poland, but Hungarian protests made them acknowledge the historical right of Hungary. 5. Komoróczy Gy., A mai Lengyelország [Poland Today], "Magyar Szemle Társaság", n.p., 1937. 6. When discussing contemporary Polish art, he relied on an original source, see: Topass, ]., L'art et les artistes en Pologne 1923-1928. 7. Probably active as of 1927 because the exhibition of 1926 was organized by the Art Society of Warsaw, and the catalogue of the Polish exhibition at the Budapest Kunsthalle in 1

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)38 only lists its foreign stagings between 1927 and April 1938: Lengyel kiállítás a Műcsarnokban. A Műcsarnokban rendezett Modern Lengyel Művészeti kiállítás tárgymutatója [Polish exhibition in the Kunsthalle. Catalogue of the Modern Polish Art exhibition at the Kunsthalle], Műcsarnok, Budapest, April 1938, pp. 45-48. 8. Déry B., Művészeti kiállítások külföldön az 1927. évben, Warszawa, Poznań, Kraków, Wien, Fiume [Art exhibitions abroad in 1927] N.p. [Budapesti, n.d., pp. 6-8. 9. I collected the Hungarian exhibitions abroad and the foreign showings in Hungary from periodicals, without aiming at completeness. 10. Lengyel representativ grafikus-művészeti kiállítás. Az első Budapesten rendezett lengyel representativ grafikai kiállítás katalógusa [Representative exhibition of Polish graphic art. The catalogue of the first representative Polish graphic exhibition in Budapest], Nemzeti Szalon, Budapest, January 1926. 11. Budai E.L., Lengyel grafikusok [Polish graphic artists], "Magyar Művészet", 1926, vol. II, no. 1, pp. 41-46, (p. 42). 12. W. Bunikiewicz, A lengyel grafikus művészet a mostani időkben [Polish graphic art in our days], in: Lengyel representativ..., op.cit. (in n. 10), unnumbered, pp. 7-11. 13. r.m. [Máriusz Rabinovszky], Lengyel grafikusok [Polish graphic artists], "Magyar Grafika", February 1926, VI I/I —2, pp. 19-20. 14. Budai, op.cit. (in n. 11), pp. 42 and 44. 15. Lengyel Representativ Képzőművészeti Kiállítás. A Magyar Országos Képzőművészeti Tanács közbenjöttével a Nemzeti Szalonban 1928. május 13-tól június 5-ig [Polish representative art exhibition. Staged at the National Salon in cooperation with the Hungarian National Art Council, May 13 - June 5, 1928], Nemzeti Szalon, Budapest 1928. 16. M. Treter, Polónia művészete [The art of Poland], in: Lengyel Representativ..., unnumbered, pp. 10-14.