Lázár Vilmos szerk.: Termelőszövetkezettörténeti tanulmányok 1. (Mezőgazdaságtörténeti tanulmányok 6. Magyar Mezőgazdasági Múzeum, Budapest, 1972)

Összefoglaló (angolul)

ßy an increase of fertilizer manufacturing and through credits granted possibility was created by the State to increase rapidly the fertilizer utilization of cooperative farms. Utilization of fertilizers per one hectare of arable-, horticultural-, orchard- and vineyard area. Year Totally In active substance 1951 to 1960 66 14 1961 166 38 1962 208 49 1963 225 53 1964 251 61 1965 257 63 1956 — 1970 399 109 Notwithstanding the rise the utilization of fertilizers by the Hungarian cooperative farms is only half or third of the quantity employed in the developed West-European agricultures. One the other hand, this smaller quantity was concentrated by the cooperative farms to the production of some main crops. The following data demonstrate comprehensively the modification of the economic policy in consequence of which the gross value of fixed assets in agriculture did not decline but — even if modestly — increased in the most critical years of collectivization. Gross value of fixed assets serving the purpose in agriculture") (at the price of 1st January 1959) (million Ft) Social sector 1958 1960 1961 1962 at the end of the year State sector

1

') 32 290 37 911 39 284 41 404 Cooperative sector

c) 5 558 21 154 34 963 38 213 Auxiliary farms 2 545 2 990 3 283 4 168 Private farms 33 603 16 684 4 496 3 290 Total farms 73 996 78 739 82 026 87 075 a) without the date of breed- and draught animals; b) together with the growing stock of forests ; c) together with the data of homplots and cooperative farm groups. Thus production means left out of production could be — simultaneously with the collectivization — successfully replaced with large-scale means of production.