Technikatörténeti szemle 5. (1970)

HÍREK A MŰSZAKI MÚZEUMBÓL - †Szent-Iványi György: A Műszaki Múzeum geodéziai műszer gyűjteménye

In unsere kurze Veröffentlichung haben wir nur die ältesten geodätischen Geräte dargestellt, die in der Sammlung aufbewahrt sind, natürlich ist das aber nur ein kleiner Teil der Sammlung. Die Abteilung für Sammlung von technischen Denkmäler hat ausserdem auch solche Geräte registriert, welche in anderen Museen, bzw. Sammlungen des Landes aufbewahrt sind. GEODETICAL INSTRUMENTS We register the degree of development if instruments — so of the geodetical instruments — by comparising the devices of to-day with those of the past. The geodetical devices of the past are collected and systematized in Hungary by the Division for Collecting Technical Relics of the Ministry of Education. There are between these devices constant angle setting out devices : diopters, optical squares and prisms; goniometrical devices: quadrants, sextants, astrolabiums, theodolites; devices for measurements of length; land-chains, bands; tachymeters, so as map plotting devices, map magnifying and planimeter instruments and levellers. Our first task was to determin the devices, the systematical grouping of their data, finally the establishment of the producing firm and date. We registered the system of the characteristic data for devices, and listed the data of all devices corresponding to that system. Unfortunately some date were not to determine, because of the defectiveness of some devices, so especially these of the optics of telescopes. This collection gives a picture what type and fabrication of devices were in general use in Hungary at different times. It succeeded to state between the fabricants of devices coming from the 18th and 19th centuries some of Hungarian instrument makers, who closed already down: Ferenc Rösel, Buda; F. C. Haurant, Pest; János Steffen Buda; Frigyes Gusztáv Steinweg Pest; Antal Nuss Pest and F. Lutze Kolozsvár. The most important part of devices coming from foreign production are from the firm Voigtlánder. With the mark of J. C. Voigtlánder in Wien, Brüder Voigtlánder in Wien, W. Voigtlánder sel. Sohn Franz. This firm had temporarily in the business of Ferdinand Tomola, Budapest also a depot. We determined other foreign made devices, too, but discuss here only these the user of which was a famous man of his age, or the constructor of which was Hungarian. So there was in the property of József Beszédes, Hungarian engineer a loading instrument with the mark of E. Kraft und Sohn, Wien. We give informations about the compensation polar planimeter with the mark of Kk. politechnisches Institut Chr. und G. Starke, Wien, which was constructed upon the patent, acclaimed in Vienna in 1855, of Albert Miller, of Hungarian origin, and Starke. Furthermore the two devices constructed by Iván Kruspér, professor of the technical university of Budapest and the exoentric leveller with the mark of Kk. politechn. Institut Chr. Starke, Wien and the so-called gradienter with the mark tofR. Hahn, Hesse-Cassel. In our short representation we only gave informations abou the oldest geodetical devices preserved in the collection, but naturally this only is a little part of the whole. The Division for Collecting Technical Relics has registered beside these such devices, too, which are to be found in other museums, or collections of our country.