Mitteilungen des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs 35. (1982)
SAPPER, Christian: Die Zahlamtsbücher im Hofkammerarchiv (1542–1825)
522 Literaturberichte influenze del suo pensiero, a precisare il posto da lui ricoperto e le funzioni da lui svolte neH’intricato panorama dei „partiti“ presenti a corte. In conclusione: si íratta di un libro per specialisti, scritto da una specialista, con pazienza, puntigliogita, spirito problematico. Se ne sconsiglia la lettura a chi ama le sintesi brillanti, i giudizi perentori, le facili veritá. Rischierebbe di annoiarsi, senza trovare ciö ehe cercava. paolo Comanducci (Gen0va) Alan J. Reinerman Austria and the Papacy in the Age of Metternich 1: Between Conflict and Cooperation 1809-1830. The Catholic University of America Press, Washington D. C. 1979. X, 254 pp. This study - in which the footnotes and bibliography take up some eighty pages - is based on documentary material from state archives in no less than nineteen cities, of which those in Vienna, the Vatican, and the former Italian states naturally prove to be the chief sources. R. starts with an examination of Mettemich’s efforts after 1809 to improve Austria’s relations with the Papacy - relations clouded by Papal memories of Austrian territorial ambitions during the Revolutionary Wars and by the Jo- sephinist doctrines still prevailing in Vienna. He shows how the good working relationship established between Metternich and Pius VII’s secretary of state, Cardinal Consalvi, at the Congress of Vienna continued to form the basis for Austro-Papal cooperation during the first years of the Restoration. The Papacy was important to Metternich, not only in terms of Austria’s position as an Italian Power, but as a bulwark of the conservative order of 1815 generally; and Metternich for his part was assiduous in his efforts to remove obstacles to an effective alliance of Throne and Altar by moderating the excesses of Josephinism in Austria. Until about 1820 Metternich and Consalvi cooperated to defend the Restoration order against those forces — the radical ‘Settari’ throughout Italy and the blindly reactionary ‘Zelanti’ at the Papal court — that, provoking and feeding upon each other, threatened to bring that order down in confusion. It was Austrian diplomatic pressure that finally persuaded Pius VII to issue the Motu Proprio of 6 July 1816, rectifying abuses, and opening up the Papal administration to more enlightened elements, including the laity - to the dismay of the Zelanti who accused Consalvi of ‘having imbibed Jacobin ideas’ from, of all people, Metternich. Even in this period, however, the Vatican was disappointed at the meagre results of Mettemich’s efforts to turn Francis I away from his Josephinist counsellors. It was not simply that already the Nuncio was reporting that in Austria ‘the clergy present a truly horrible aspect’; and that even Consalvi considered the state of the Church in Austria ‘a hundred thousand times worse than in France at the worst of times’. Metternich proved quite unable to prevent Francis from going on to consolidate Josephinism in Lombardy and Venetia and introducing new marriage laws there which according to Pius VII ‘went beyond anything Napoleon had done’. But R. concludes that in the end Mettemich’s patient diplomacy was not entirely wasted, and that after Francis I’s visit to Rome in 1819 — a visit arranged by Metternich in the face of fierce opposition at home — the tide began to turn against Josephinism in Austria.
