Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 34-35/3. (2015)
Nicolae Victor Fola: Aspecte privind relaţiile dintre structurile economice şi deciziile politice şi administrative (1867-1918). Privire specială asupra comitatului Tărnava Mică
Marisia XXXIV-XXXV Aspecte privind relatiile dintre structurile economice §i deciziile politice §i administrative (1867-1918). Privire specials asupra comitatului Tárnává Micä Nicolae Victor FOLA Aspects of the relationship between economic structures and political and administrative decisions (1867-1918). Special focus on Tárnává Micä County Abstract The years of austro-Hungarian dualism, after a sort liberal debute, maintain the censitary suffrage, the administrative and beaureaucratic control of public life in Transylvania, as well as the spreading of a dissembling apparent liberalism in the external affairs of the Monarchy, The Austro-Hungarian liberalism has, however, lost its prestige and credibility on the international ground concurrently with the trial of the Memorandum. The manifestations of thr civil society belonging to the Hungarian nationalities were controlled and repressed in the name of the “ Hungarian homogenous nation”, politics sustained by the governments of the different parties and govermental coalitions. This political trend was cultivated between the years 1867-1918 in the Tárnává Micä County too, by the representatives of the landed aristocracy and by the gentry, first as the holders of economic power, the other ones as the executors of the politics of those times officials in the teritory. Keywords: censitary suffrage, political and national discrimination, hungarisation, pauperization, Great Romanian, agrarian reform, post-war parliamentary democracy Dupä revolutia din 1848-1849 §i räzboiul civil din Transilvania, frunta§ii romäni au urmärit atingerea unor obiective esentiale, conturate in ace§ti ani. In conditiile neoabsolutismului, diverselor restrictii §i functional administratiei militare, cu anchetele §i actiunile de intimidare, s-а reluat practica adresärii petitiilor nationale la Viena. Este cazul petitiilor bánátenilor, nemultumiti de ímpártirea administrate, dar §i de petitia románilor din Partium, prezentatä de episcopul Vasile Erdély de la Oradea. Se relua petitia din februarie 1849, care revendica dispunerea románilor ardeleni Tntr-un singur corp national. ín 10 ianuarie 1850, о puternicä delegatie romäneascä (inclusiv Simion Bárnutiu), prezenta un memoriu guvernatorului Schwartzenberg, urmat de altul mai amplu ín luna martié, ínaintat ímpáratului, care exprima nemultumirea fatá de íncorporarea a suté de sate románe§ti, mai ales din comitatele §i districtele Bra§ov, Bistrita, Fágára§, Alba, Reteag, incluse ín nou creatul “Sachsenland”. Mai múlt, din comitatui Tárnává au fost dislocate un numár de comune cu peste 80000 delocuitori, alipite districtului secuiesc al Odorheiului. Románii cereau revizuirea ímpártirii administrative, respectándu-se componenta etnicá a comunitátilor, numirea de functionari publici dintre ei, ín functie de ponderea numericá, folosirea limbii románé ín relatiile publice, íncetarea persecutor §i íntemnitárii unor frunta§i romäni (inclusiv preoti), despágubiri §i ajutoare pentru familiile celor cäzuti, ínfiintarea de institutii superioare de ínvátámánt, ín primul ránd a unei facultáti/Academii, (ín alté versiune), ín domeniul dreptului íntr-un memoriu de 79
