Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 35/2. (2015)
Botany
Alina ROVINÄ, Liviu ROVINÄ CORINE: 31.8B3 Greek sub-Mediterranean deciduous thickets; 31.8В South-eastern sub-Mediterranean deciduous thickets PAL.HAB: 31.8B322 Danubian lilac thickets; 31.8B3222 Lilac manna ash thickets EUNIS: F3.2432 Moesian lilac thickets; F3.2431 Moesian oriental hornbeam thickets Romanian classification system: R3124 South-eastern Carpathian scrub of lilac (Syringa vulgaris) and Asp lenium ruta-muraria, R3127 South-eastern Carpathian scrub of lilac (Syringa vulgaris) and manna ash (Fraxinus ornus) Site description The habitat 40A0* occupies approximately 476 hectares in the area of Gradijtea Muncelului Cioclovina Natural Park, being identified in Tecuri, Crivadia Gorges, Fundatura Ponorului-Cioclovina. The characteristic phytocoenosis of this habitat belong to the association Asplenio-Syringetum vulgaris Jakucs et Vida 1939. In terms of altitude, this habitat is distributed mostly between 800-1200 m. The inclination of slopes is generally moderate to high, with most values ranging between 10—30 degrees. The habitat occurs in 64% on sunny slopes (South, South-West), on calcareous rocks and relatively large slope, which favored the development of a xerothermophilous vegetation. In terms of climate, habitat 40A0 * is characterized by average annual temperatures between 7,5 °C and 8,5 °C, and average annual precipitation between 730—780 mm. The geological substrate is dominated by limestone and conglomerates and yellowishwhite micro-conglomerates. The characteristic soils are superficial rendzinas. Community structure: The arborescent and scrub layer is edified by Fraxinus ornus (coverage of 50%) and Syringa vulgaris (coverage of 25%), being with which were identified Cornus mas, Rhamnus saxatilis ssp. tinctorius, Sorbus borbasii, S. dacica, Clematis vitaiba, Ligustrum vulgare, Tilia cordata, Corylus avellana, Crataegus monogyna, Acer campestre, Euonymus verrucosus, Prunus avium. The herbaceus layer is very diversified, the most frequently species are: Teucrium chamaedrys, T. montanum, Aster amellus, Galium album, Cynanchum vincetoxicum, Thymus comosus, Asperula cynanchica, Genista radiata, Cytisus leucotrichus, Pimpinella saxifraga, Helianthemum nummularium, Dictamnus albus, Sedum maximum, S. hispanicum, Seseli libanotis, Hepatica transsilvanica, Asplenium ruta-muraria, A. trichomanes, Cystopteris fragilis, Piptatherum virescens, Cardaminopsis arenosa, Sesleria rigida, Erysimum odoratum, Doronicum columnae, Campanula rapunculoides, C. glomerata, Leontodon asper, Saxifraga cuneifolia, Dianthus spiculifolius. It is a habitat with high conservation value that shelters rare, vulnerable and endemic species listed in the Red List of superior plants from Romania [5], such as: Sorbus borbasii, S. dacica, Thymus comosus, Hepatica transsilvanica, Piptatherum virescens, Dianthus spiculifolius, Dictamnus albus. Conclusions Due to its development installation on steep slopes, this type of habitat is not currently subject of threats and/or pressures. A possible threat to the habitat structure is the subspontaneous species Ailanthus altissima and Robinia pseudacacia. Among the conservation measures we mention: removing the alien vegetation in the juvenile stage; access control of animals for grazing near the habitat and restricting / prohibiting the collection of ornamental species from spontaneous flora-Syringa vulgaris. 50
