Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 30/1. (2010)
Articles
196 Z. Soós-Sz. S. Gál The C28 grave’s great importance consists in its framing, since we have found the first burial horizon of the friary’s cemetery, friary founded around the 1320’s. The further extension of the cemeteries excavation could offer new data regarding the market town’s early urbanization process, as well. APPENDIX 1. Morpho-taxonomical Analysis of Human Remains from the Franciscan Friary from Tárgu Mure§ - Section C28/2008 In the anthropological study, the age-at-death estimation was based on three criteria: long bone length and skeletal maturity, degenerative changes in the skeleton, and dental wear. The different age groups generally used and the appropriate methods for each age interval are: Infant or Infans I—II: dental development skeletal maturity and long bone dimensions,13 Juvenile or Iuvenis: skeletal maturity.14 In Adults (Adultus and Senilis) the method of G. Acsádi and J. Nemeskéri15 is employed which includes Todd’s 1920 method to age the pubic symphysis and the method by R. S. Meindl and C. O. Lovejoy16 on cranial suture closure. For sex determination anthropologists follow the morphological method of Hungarian anthropologists K. Éry, A. Kralovánszky and J. Nemeskéri.17 For the calculation of stature several methods are used employing long bones in Romania according to Sjovold,18 Pearson-Rösing19 and Zs. Bemert.20 For dentition the method of Miles could be applied.21 The morphological and metric data were collected after R. Martin and L. Sailer’s method.22 Grave M38 The skull is in good condition. Cranium: parietal, temporal bones with mastoid process, occipital, frontal and sphenoid bone, the ecto- and endocranial sutures are relatively open. Bones of the face: zygomatic and nasal bones, mandible. Situation of teeth: 12, C, PM1, PM2 (strongly affected by caries, only the root is preserved), Ml (1 - М2 and М3 fall out post mortem), It, C, PM1, PM2, М3 (2 - Ml, tooth lost in life and М2 has fallen after death), II, 12, C, PM1, PM2, Ml, М2, М3 (3 - М3 affected by caries, only the root is preserved), II, 12, C, PM1, PM2, Ml (lost before the death), М2, М3 (4). Dental formula: 2123. Thorax: axis vertebra, 4 cervical vertebrae, 7 thoracic vertebrae and 5 lumbar vertebrae, sternum (without manubrium), diaphysis part of ribs. Upper limbs: fragments of the left and right shoulder-blades (scapula), left clavicle (1. of bone 137 mm), left humerus (1. of bone 290 mm, diam. of the had 42 mm), right humerus (1. of bone 290 mm, diam. of the had 42 mm), left radius (1. of bone 214 mm) and right radius (1. of bone 214 mm), left ulna (1. of bone 230 mm) and right ulna (I of bone 230 mm). Bones of pelvis girdle: iliac bone (the right part), ischion bone (the right part). The lower part of the skeleton is missing. Characters of the skull show signs of a male. The situation of teeth, ecto- and endocranial sutures, epiphysis part of long bones show signs of an Adult person (50-55 years). Stature: after the methods 13 Stlouklal-Hanáková 1978. 14 I$can et al. 1984, 1094-1104; I§can et al. 1985, 853-863. 15 Acsádi-Nemeskéri 1970. 16 Meindl-Lovejoy 1985. 17 Éry et al. 1963. 18 Sjovold 1990. 19 Rösing 1988. 20 Bemert 2005; Bernert-Kustár 2005. 21 Miles 1963. Martin-Saller 1958.22
