Birtalan Ágnes: Kalmyk Folklore and Folk Culture in the Mid-19th Century: Philological Studies on the Basis of Gábor Bálint of Szentkatolna’s Kalmyk Texts.
FOLKLORE GENRES
The river called Kuma 414 is a beautiful lumbering river. Become our mother who brought us up feeding with her milk, [one] the foremost of people! Ulaan 41 3 who reached the age of ten has a nice gait. 416 In my young age how could 1 [forget ?] the best 4 1 ' of my elder brothers? The little red dark chestnut horse has a nice dancing 41 8 gait. In my little young age how could I [forget ?] any of my younger brothers? Fourteenth song 4" Going up on the hill there blows a chilly wind. To you my silent Bürgür Sempüs 4 3" I gave a gift [made of] the horn of a wild goat. Going upon the mountain seems o be seen red and yellow. 431 For the maid Sempiis having a ruby face I gave a present earlier. On the dombra with five strings I let [one] to play. 42 2 I am not the lad who will let to go the maid Sempiis whom I don't even know [personally]. 41 4 Bálint Kümü, Russ. Kuma "The Kuma (Russian: KyMá) is an 802 km (498 mile) long river in southern Russia. Its source is in the northern Caucasus, in the republic Karachay-Cherkessia, west of Kislovodsk. It flows in northeastern direction, through Stavropol Krai (towns Mineralnye Vody, Zelenokumsk. Budyonnovsk, Ncftekumsk) and through Dagestan. The Kuma flows into the Caspian Sea near the border between Dagestan and Kalmykia." http://www.search.com/reference/Kuma_River_(Russia) (Mai 2010). Kuma appears in other folk songs as well, cf küman sara toxai dundu Inmitten der gelben Flusswiese der Kuma kükütei (?) maral-ni namarjitne verbringt die Flirschkuh mit ihrem Kalb den I lerbst. Nr. 30. stanza lab. Ramstedt - Balinov - Aalto: Kalmückische Lieder, pp 64-65 41 5 Bálint. Kalm., Khal. Ulän "Red" male and female proper name. 41 6 Bálint alcingnaksan säixän yabodangta, cf. Kalm alcä-, alcä-, kölän alcäly-, alcälk- "(seine Beine) ausspreizen" (R. 9), alcax "rasstavljat" . zadvigat' (napr. nogi ...)"; alcylzx "idti äiroko rasstavljaja nogi" (Mun. 38). 41 7 Bálint axanarigän xoborigi, lit. "the rare[st]/the rarity of my brothers". 4 I" Bálint biliksen, Kalm. bil- + -sn/-gsn (nomen perfecti) of "to dance". 41 9 Manuscript pp. 29-30. 421 1 Bálint Bürgür Sempüs, Kalm Bürgr Semps, Semws (?) is a female proper name in the context of the song. 42 1 Bálint manjiüräd , Kalm manrxa "neblig werden, sich benebeln ..." (R. 256), manrx "zatumanivafsja podjorgivat'sja mgloj" (Mun 341); manurtx 2. "golubef , sinet' (vdali)" (Mun. 342), W.Oir. manuraji tunuxu "zatumanivat'sja" (Pozd. 229). 42 2 Bálint Tabun berenä domborigi tangna-mangna tasüläd. Kalm. Tawn berni [or bernt] dombrig tangna-mangna tasüläd. As an explanation Bálint inserted (tagna-magna) in brackets, are iconic expressions, hendiadys-constructions referring to the intensity (?) of the playing dombra ; its exact meaning is not clear yet. Kalm.D. berne "Querleiste am Griffbrett der Guitarre [sic!] und ähnl Instrumente (s. dombr, towsür, dodrma. xür, yatxan )" (R. 42-43). As parallel for this motif cf. Dolön bereute yataxaigi dundaki (?) bernin daraya. "Dem Jatagan mit sieben Querleisten die mittelste Querleiste will ich drücken." (Nr. 10. stanza 6ab cf. also 7ab. Ramstedt - Balinov - Aalto: Kalmückische Lieder, pp 32-33) Bálint tasüläd, Kalm. las- + -ül- (factitive) + -äd (adv. perfecti), lit. "to make someone hit it". Gorjajeva explained as: "priäljopyvat" jazykom". 67
