Rózsa, George: The Documentation of Science Organization as an Emerging New Branch of Scientific Information (A MTAK kiadványai 32. Budapest, 1962)
10 trends and proportions of researches, assuring priority to certain more important researches, and coordinating researches. The national scientific thematic plan should be in accordance with the plan of national economy. Organization and management of scientific work assures the organizational, personal, and material conditions and the control of implementing the plan of scientific work and its practical application. The individual scientist, working quite isolated is substituted by researchgroups (with assistant staff) working in great strength, by complicated and expensive equipments, implements. Similarly, individual researches are substituted by complex researches, touching upon several fields of science, demanding collaboration. Operating and forming such a manifold, complicated mechanism becomes an organizational task, based on scientific principles. 5. Levels of Research The problems of planning, management and organization of scientific work are equally related to the various levels of research which are divided into three main groups by international literature (though their terminology cannot be regarded as definitely elaborated, neither in separate countries, nor internationally, still less the accurate content of each level): basic (theoretical and experimental), applied (in the industrial branches) and development (industrial, technological researches). These three levels of research cannot be strictly separated, since it is very common in the history of science that a research task started as an applied research or development work (research of industrial or technological nature), under special conditions, which occured during its performance, or as a "byproduct", delivered new research result of basic character, and vice versa. Basic research — as a rule — strives to explore and recognize new scientific laws, while their practical application is performed in an indirect way. Basic researches are of determining character in respect to the whole development of science. Applied research (in the industrial branches) aims at the use of scientific laws already recognized for scientific and industrial purposes, while the development (industrial research) is done directly for the technological purposes of production. Definition of these terms — and generally speaking the categories of research — their correlation and systematization — directly or indirectly — is very much a permanent subject of agencies of science policy and of literature. An official statement of the Council of Science and Higher Education on the definition of levels of research has recently appeared in Magyar Tudomány (Hungarian Science), 19C2. no. 1. under the title "On the definition of categories connected with the organization of research work". Beside the correlation of the levels of research, of no less importance is the interaction of the levels and the technological development. G . Methodology of Research Work The modern scientific research, the "research industry" is operating on large-scale, that is with large outfit, expensive experimental devices, equipments and intricate instruments, etc. In the last decades considerable literature has
