Tóth G. Péter szerk.: A Veszprém Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 25 (Veszprém, 2008)

JEGYZETEK RÖVIDÍTÉSEK LDM = Laczkó Dezső Múzeum, Veszprém KOPPÁNY 1972 = KOPPÁNY T.: Középkori templomok és egyházas helyek Veszprém Megyében II. VMMK11.1972. 213-241. MRT 2 = ÉRI I. - KELEMEN M. - NÉMETH P. TORMA I.: Magyarország Régészeti Topográfiája. Veszprém megye régészeti topográfiája 2. A veszprémi járás. Budapest, 1969. BALATONAKALI-SÁGPUSZTA REAMINS OF THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH AND SETTLEMENT, AND THE ROMAN BUILDINGS, PART 1. The excavation of the Balatonakaii-Ságpuszta church, cemetery and building-complex was due to the construction of the Children and Youth Center (the former Úttörőváros) in Zánka. Between 1967-69 some excavations were carried out by the Museum Directorate of Veszprém County at the site lying in the south of the road 71 in the outskirts of Balatonakaii (See Notes 1 and 3, and Table 3). The 1970-71 landscaping and conservation of the ruins were completed by the Országos Műemléki Felügyelőség (Conserving Hungary's Heritage), now Kulturális Örökségvédelmi Hivatal (National Office of Cultural Heritage) (See Notes 2). Since the publication of the results and the archaeological finds of the excavation has been lingered for a long time, on this occasion the building-complex and its relative chronology is introduced first. In her further articles Orsolya Csike will discuss this topic. Apart from giving a minute description of the finds, she will have the opportunity to define a more exact chronological order. Historical data, preliminary excavations: The site around Balatonakaii-Ságpuszta old cemetery can be identified with medieval Ságdörgicse, as one of the five contemporary Dörgicse villages. In 1344 the settlement was the property of the Fehérvár custodian chapter. In 1495 the village mentioned as a parishplace. Ságdörgicse is not involved in the 1531-1534 assessments. Though it is referred as a deserted place in 1563, taxes were paid on it. From the beginning of the 19

th century Ságdörgicse belonged to the property of the Piarist Order. Sites Nr. 1 and 3 are first reported of by Flóris Rómer. The carved Roman stone slab with inscriptions found built in the walls of a stall in Zánka was said to be Rég. Fűz. = Régészeti Füzetek Ser I., Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, Budapest RÓMER 1863 = RÓMER F.: Pannóniai újabb kiadatlan latin feliratok. Arch. Közi. 1863.153-166. RÉCSEY 1895 = RÉCSEY V.: Balatonvidéki régészeti kutatásaim némi eredményei. Veszprém 1895, 32 PP THOMAS 1964 - THOMAS E.: Römische Villen in Pannonién. Budapest 1964. 418 pp VMMK = A Veszprém Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei, Veszprém originated from Ságpuszta. In 1895 or soon before the finishing of his manuscript Viktor Récsey could observe the ruins of the medieval church still reaching above the surface of the earth, also the nearby remains of a round Roman building were still visible. In his 1890 notes, now kept in the archives of the Kulturális Örökségvédelmi Hivatal/National Office of Cultural Heritage (the former Országos Műemlékvédelmi Felügyelőség/ Conserving Hungary's Heritage) he describes the former church as a building with a curved choir facing to the east. In his 1920 book Bálint Kuzsinszky displays a drawing of the walls situated south of the old cemetery. The drawing shows one round, two semicircular and a straight wall. (See Table 2). The rotund / round-building was often taken as starting point by Kuzsinszky and other authors in suggesting the existence of a Roman time bath. (See Notes 5-12.) Relative chronology of the building-complex: The evaluation of the results of excavations does not verify that the walls situated south of the old cemetery had once belonged to a Roman time bath. Nevertheless, human presence in the Roman age is proved, since buildings Nr. 1 and 2 are Roman. There was also a hypocaustum, but it was used to heat a dwelling instead of the rooms and basins of the Roman bath. Thus, the rotund served as the semicircular burial chamber attached to the choir of the Romanesque church, instead of the caldarium of the Roman bath. (See Figure 25). The existence of a 2

nd century Roman settlement is presumable. Its 4

th century existence was also verified before the excavations started. (Check Chapter 7 for the capital with a mask from the 4

th century, and for the Roman graves and their finds.) Apart from prehistoric human presence south of the road 71, the first stone building originated from the Roman Age. Out of the two differently compassed buildings with numerous rooms, only the eastern one was heated. Some of the rooms of the latter one were tilled with terrazzo. The eastern end of building Nr 1, and also the western end of building Nr 2 could not be identified. (See Table / Figure 1-5). The eastern wall of the former could have been pulled down