Veszprém a török korban (Veszprémi Múzeumi Konferenciák 9. 1998)

Varga J. János: Kara musztafa 1683. évi hadjárata és Veszprém

János Varga J. KARA MUSTAFA'S 1683 CAMPAIGN AND VESZPRÉM Sultan Mehrned IV. - on the 20th of February, 1683 - declared war officially against Emperor Leopold I. The campaign's appointed leader, Kara Mustafa, arrived at Eszék with about 100.000 soldiers on the 2nd of June, and his army was later enlarged by some 50.000 persons on the arrival of the auxiliary troops. It was there that the vizier met the prince of Upper-Hungary. Imre Thököly built his policy upon the new presence of the Turkish troops because he strove for exchanging his spatially-limited rulership for a complete Hungarian kingdom under the Sultan's guardianship. At the same time, he did not want the Turkish army to stay long in Hungary for he wanted to avoid sheer destruction and to acquire full hegemony. He, therefore, addressed the nobles, the counties, the cities and the armies of the borderfortresses in a proclamation in which he declared his intention to defend those that would be faithful to him. The army leadership of the Hapsburg empire had provided troops- of some 58.000 people to counteract the Turkish attack. The army consisting of regular troops, county-insurgents and the soldiers of the borderfortresses had been set up from the line of the Vág to the Croatian borderfortresses defending the military route leading to Vienna with the most efficient units. Kara Mustafa started from Eszék in the middle of June, and proceeded on the right bank of the Danube touching Szekszárd, Dunaföldvár and Székesfehérvár in the direction of Szentmárton and Raab. Before his army moved 7.000 people of Thököly with the prince's constables, making the threatened North Transdanubian region yield. The armies of the borderfortresses had prepared for resistance, but - daunted by the overwhelming power of the enemy - gave up their allotted posts during the period July 25-30. Ferenc Babocsay, captain general of Veszprém, left the fortress on the 25th with 507 people, and the soldiers of Tihany, Vázsony, Tata, Pápa soon did likewise. Their place was taken over by Turkish-Kuruts troops. On the last day of June, the Turkish army halted on the right bank of the Rába, in front of Raab. The following day, some of its units had successfully clashed with one of the regiments of Charles of Lorraine at Mórichida, and afterwards crossed the river. The Rába line could no longer ьь