A Nyíregyházi Jósa András Múzeum évkönyve 48. (Nyíregyháza, 2006)

Régészet - János Makkay: The Late Bronze Age hoard of Nadap

János Makkay 14-30. Fragments of cuirasses, probably seventeen individual pieces are represented. Reconstruction indicates that they were decorated with embossed knobs and parallel ribbons (published pieces Nos. 14. and 15.: PETRES 1983. 63-64., and also Abb. 12a-d.). Their reconstruction as parts of cuirasses with flexible bronze bands that have attachment holes (the very rare Dendra type) on their side (No. 17) or at their end (Nos. 15, 19 and 25). Concerning their chronology, formulas in Homeric poetry used to be thought of as post-Mycenaean innovations (VERMEULE 1972. 135.). This would suggest dating them to the 12-11

th Centuries BC. 31—42. Fragments of shield-bands and/or cuirasses and pieces of unknown use (Plate IX). Further fragments of flat bronze bands/sheets can also belong to the former category of cuirasses (Nos. 31-33), or can be considered small fragments of bronze shields (No. 34). There are other small fragments of bronze bands/sheets the original use of which remains unknown (Nos. 35-42). 43-45. Complete or nearly complete wrist bands with perforated ends and punched lines and bosses arranged in horizontal rows (Plate IX, PETRES 1983. 64., Abb. 13a-b. For their eventuel parallels see JANKOVITS 1999. Abb. 1-4.). Piece No. 43 is only tentatively being assigned to this category. 46-97. Offensive weapons. 46-60. Swords (Plate X-XI). Mainly hilts have been included in the hoard, these belong to flange-hilted as well as solid-hilted (Nos. 46-47) pieces. A few blade fragments (points, see Nos. 87-88 amongst the spearheads) can also belong to swords as well as broad spearheads. Pieces Nos. 49-50, 52-53 and 55-59 belong to the same subtype of antenna-hilted swords. 61-67. Daggers belonging to the flange-hilted type but they are in different subtypes (Plate XI). Similar to the swords, blades are not present. 68. It is hard to decide whether this piece was a knife or it was a dress-dagger. 69-93. Spearheads (Plate XI-XII). Complete and fragmentary pieces mostly with leafshaped blade, which rarely has pegholes (Nos. 80 and 91) in the socket. Wide and narrow variants and with flat (No. 84), round (Nos. 80, 82, 87), hexagonal (Nos. 73, 81, 83, 85-86) and flanged section (Nos. 70, 74 and 88) of the blade, also occur. 94-95. Two pieces were spear-shaft ferrulae (Plate XII-XIII). One is perforated (No. 94), while the other rolled (No. 95). 96-97. Two broken pieces of small sceptres (of probably symbolic use?) can be considered remains of unsuccessful castings (Plate XIII).

9 98-189. Implements. 98-105. Knives (Plate XIII). Only fragments of knives are present, parts of blades with triangular and rhombic sections, and parts of handles: four pieces belonging to four different types, i.e. flat, flanged and knobbed variants. 106-125. Axes (Plate XIII-XV). For an essentially similar small sceptre see GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. Pl. 22: 2., from the Blatnitza-treasure. 140