A Nyíregyházi Jósa András Múzeum évkönyve 43. (Nyíregyháza, 2001)
Néprajz - László Cservenyák: Carriages, wagons, equipages
Cservenyák László that is 75 km in a day. However the light and quick wagon was also known before Matthias. It was first mentioned in 1267. The 'koczy' (a former expression for the Hungarian word for carriage) - base first occured in 1469. It was almost with all certainty developed by the craftsmen of Kocs, a settlement and a station on the route from Budapest to Vienna. The Hungarian carriage is quite light compared to the equipage and regarding the 16 th century conditions it was also fast. Its natural flexibility can be put down to its light framework and to wheels made of different kinds of flexible hard-wood. Animal-drawn vehicles can also slip or roll on the ground; they have two types: one is used for carrying goods, the other is for passengers. Both of them can be two-wheeled or four-wheeled. These are the cart, the wagon, the carriage, the equipage and the sledges. The two-wheeled vehicle which is drawn by a horse with the help of traces is called the cart. Wagon is a vehicle drawn by cattle with the help of yoke or by a horse with traces and it is suitable for transporting goods. Carriage is drawn by horses and used for transporting people. Equipages are either open or closed comfortable carriages which provide a pleasant, rocking feeling due to springs. Sledges are wheelless carriages on runners. In the Carpatian Basin a highly developed culture of transportation took shape during the Middle Ages. Carriage became shortly famous all over West Europe mainly due to the fact that it could be also used for both quick passenger and goods transporting. Translated by Anetta Vojvoda László CSERVENYÁK Szatmári Museum Mátészalka H-4700 Kossuth u. 5
