Somogyi Múzeumok Közleményei 15. (2002)

Fazekas Imre: Adatok Magyarország Zygaenidae faunájának ismeretéhez (VII.) (Microlepidoptera: Zygaenidae)

156 Data to the knowledge of Hungary's Zygaenidae fauna, № 7 (Microlepidoptera: Zygaenidae) IMRE FAZEKAS The researches of the Hungarian Zygaenidae fauna were originally determined in biological, taxonomical respect by the work of GOZMÁNY (1963) and later FORSTER & WOHLFART (1960). The phylogenetical approach of ALBERTI (1958), REISS &TREMEWAN (1967) and NAUMANN (1985), based on the biological species-terminology, just slowly and gradually gained ground. By now, following the extremities of generic categorizations and the confusion of names in the infra specific taxa, we seem to reach a chronological, taxonomical comprehensive conclusion for the whole Palaearctic (NAUMANN et al. 1984, NAUMANN et al. 1999, HOFMANN & TREMEWAN 1996, EFETOV & TARMANN 1999). This could provide a solid enough ground for a detailed description of the Hungarian Zygaenidae fauna and for an upto-date Hungarian identification handbook for which the introductory studies have already been published (FAZEKAS 1996, 1998,2000). This paper presents the still unpublished faunistical data of 20 Hungarian Zygaenidae species with additional taxonomical, zoogeographical, biological and environmental notes. From fauna-genetical point of view, Zygaena laeta is a prominent species of the Hungarian fauna. This expansive Pontomediterranean fauna element, mainly reported from sandy grass and rocky grassy slopes is rather local today. It is endangered and protected in Hungary (its incorporeal value is 10,000 HUF). The species is very sensitive to any disturbances of its habitat and its population is in recession. Zygaena Cynarae was last reported from SouthemTransdanubia at the end of the 19th century, therefore its extinction from the region is very probable. In Hungary this species is mainly associated with open dolomite grassland, woodlands and Calluna heath of the Transdanubian mountain range and from the sandy oak woodlands and grasslands of the area between the River Danube and Tisza (the Great Plains). Zygaena osterodensis is a local and vulnerable species of the mesophilic and xerophilous meadows and rural mosaics mainly of the colline and sub-montane region of the Carpathian Basin. The most significant Hungarian population of the species flourishes in the Northern mountain range of Hungary (e.g. Mt Bükk). We have no recent data proving the existence of its habitats recorded in earlier literature (such as the western frontier). In the past decades, its specimen number reduced considerably, therefore, the survival of local populations can be ensured only on protected areas. Due to earlier taxonomical problems, the exact geographical distribution of Zygaena minos-purpuralis species-couple is only partially known. The author gives a detailed analyses of the differential features of the species-couple and has begun the complete revision of the Hungarian collection, the mapping of taxon. According to TREMEWANN (in litt.), NAUMANN et al. (1999: pl. 4: 60), in our region the ssp. flaveola can be found in „Lower Austria, Hungary, eastern Serbia and Ukraine." The majority of the Hungarian species, however, shows no flaveola marks. The species of the Southern-Transdanubian population are more similar to the Zygaena carniolica graeca Staudinger, 1870 sub-species (e.g. Somogy County, Mt Mecsek, Mt Villány). The population of the Great Plains and the Northern mountain range (N-Hungary), which are extremely rich in forms, also cause some problems for the taxonomical classification. It is hard to determine the southwest Hungarian area-line of Zygaena angelicae which belongs to the transalpine superspecies complex, therefore more detailed investigations are needed along the CroatianSlovenian-Austrian borderline. It is also possible that there are transalpine or angelicae x transalpina hibrid populations living on this are. The Jordanita subsolana proves to be a new species for the karst of Aggtelek (North-Hungary). Until now, the recently reported Jordanita fazekast, was found only in Mt Mecsek and Villány (S-Hungary). Its terra typica are seriously endangered by the intensive rock-mining, the increasing tourism and the vertically spreading construction sites in Mt Mecsek. The habitats of Jordanita fazekasi in Hungary can be found on the southern, karst bushes-and-wood covered limestone banks from Triassic period, and on the lllyrian rocky grass slopes and steppes (Inulo spiraeifolio-Quercetum pubescentis Jakucs, 1961) of Transdanubian mountain ranges (Mt Mecsek and Villányi) (Fig. 16). These habitats, under Balkanic influence, has preserved relic elements of great botanical significance. Its botanic-geographical values are remarkable from environmental point of view and most of them are unique to this area in Hungary. Based on taxonomical and zoogeographical studies together with our knowledge on the habitats, the occurrence of Jordanita fazekasi on the Balkan and in Asia Minor is also predictable. The description of its foodplant, caterpillar and the female specimen of the species are not known yet. Author's address: FAZEKAS Imre Komlói Természettudományi Gyűjtemény Natural Historical Collection of Komló Városház tér 1. H-7300 Komló, Hungary E-mail: imre.fazekas@freemail.hu