Somogyi Múzeumok Közleményei 14. (2000)

Bondár Mária - Honti Szilvia – Kiss Viktória: A tervezett M7-es autópálya Somogy megyei szakaszának megelőző régészeti feltárása (1992-1999.) Előzetes jelentés I.

114 The preceding archeological excavation of the planing m7 highway in County Somogy (1992-1999) Preliminary report I. MÁRIA BONDÁR - SZILVIA HONTI - VIKTÓRIA KISS The prepare of the preliminary excavation (1992-1998) The scheduled track of the M7 highway in county Somogy runs on the Southern shore of Lake Balaton from Zamárdi till Szőkedencs, reaching the borderline between Zala and Somogy. The field work on the track line was accomplished by the Somogy County Museums Directorate between 1992-3, during which period we identified 50 sites on an about 80 km long section of the Southern track line variant (Abb. 2), 5 sites on the track line of the new connecting roads and an additional 13 on the Northern track line variant. To the information gained through fieldwork, in 36 cases the measurements conducted by the ELTE Geophysical Institute were added. In 2 cases the aerial reconnaissance of the entire track was carried out (René Gougay, and Zoltán Czajlik in 1999). The archaeological excavations started in 1994-5, and continued from 1999. Ordacsehi-Major The entire territory falling in the track line was excavated in 1994 led by Piroska Füle (tab.1, 1). On the site the earliest periods were represented by the objects of the Lengyel and Balaton-Lasinja cultures (tab.1, 2). More than 40 objects were unearthed from the Late Copper Age Kostolac culture, which became the biggest Hungarian settlement from the period (BONDÁR 1998). We excavated 4 urns dating from the end of the Early Bronze Age (Kisapostag culture), as well as the Late Kisapostag - Early Lime Encrusted Pottery period (tab. I, 5; HONTI-KISS 1996), and we can count the 5 contracted skeletons also to the scope of the Kiapostag culture (tab. I, 3). From the Late Celtic period an oven with pottery foundation, and from the ll-lll. Century Roman settlement the remains of smaller rectangular and square buildings were found. Balatonboglár-Berekre-dűlő The large, expanding site is intersected in an E-W direction, about 600 m in width by the track of the planned highway. In 1994-5 a smaller part was excavated led by Szilvia Honti, László Költő and Péter Gergely Németh (tab. Ill, 1). On the site, beside the scattered settlement traces of the Balaton-Lasinja culture, burials, and pottery belonging to the circle of the Furchenstich ceramics were also found (tab. I, 6; tab. II; tab. IV, 1). We excavated 3 urns and a number of settlement pits from the Late Baden-Kostolac period. (BONDÁR 1996) The larger part of the objects belong to the elder phase of the Late Bronze Age Urnfield culture (tab. IV, 5-6), and to the Early Iron Age. On the settlement dated to the Late period of the Hallstatt culture, apart from the various storage pits, square shaped, timber framed, rammed floored buildings were found, presumably functioning as workshops, (tab. I, 4; tab. Ill, 2-3). Special finds are the punched and point-circle decorated bone articles (tab. IV, 2). Seven rectangular, subterraneous pit houses with a pole on each of their shorter sides, and a pottery combustion furnace (tab. Ill, 4-5) were found together with 2 coral incrusted fibulas from one of the houses (tab. IV, 3-4). Balatonszemes-Szemesi-berek On the excavation began by Mária Bondár, Szilvia Honti and Péter Gergely Németh in 1999 the objects of the Transdanubian Linear Ceramic culture (Linearbandkeramik), of the Baden culture and of the Late Celtic period settlements were found. In the settlement of the Baden culture the ovens plastered by pebbles and ceramics are unique (tab. VII.-VIII). From the 13 W-E directed graves of a German family cemetery dating from the V Century (tab. V 2), 2 contained grave goods: in one an adult male was buried with a pot (Picture 3.), in the other a female skeleton was richly adorned with jewels (a necklace with gold beads and a glass bead on the neck, a pair of fibulas on the hip, semiprecious stone beads and a pendent hanging from the belt, silver buckles on the feet) (tab. V, 3; VI). Balatonszemes-Bagódomb In 1999, in the organisation of the Archaeological Institute of the Hungarian Academy (MTA), led by Viktória Kiss, an excavation was launched where a settlement dating from the eldest Linear Ceramic culture and also from a younger period (Keszthely group) was found. A few younger remains - an Early Roman furnace, a Great Migration period grave and a pot fragment were also unearthed on the site (tab. V, 46; IX-X).