Haris Attila: Hymenoptera Research in the Carpathian Basin - Natura Somogyiensis 29. (Kaposvár, 2016)
Early History of the Aculeata research in Hungary from the 16th till the 19th century (1560–1800)
Haris, A.: Hymenoptera Research in the Carpathian Basin 63 the Theology Seminar of Temesvár. As catholic pastor, he serviced at Kikinda, Németoravica, Németcsiklova and Fehértemplom. Later, at Lugos, he became teacher of the catholic high school. In the following 2 years, Tivadar Ortvay worked for the archeological department of the Hungarian National Museum at Budapest and parallel with this, he received doctoral title form the Budapest University of Sciences. In the next 9 years, Tivadar worked in Pozsony as teacher of the Academy of Legal Sciences. During this period, he was also the director of the Teacher Training College of the Ursulines. Furthermore, in Pozsony, he taught the daughters of Archduke Fridrich von Teschen (member of Habsburg dynasty). In his last 10 years, he returned to Budapest and devoted his life to research and science. In his zoological work, titled " Pozsonyvármegye és a területén fekvő Pozsony, Nagyszombat, Bazin, Modor, S. Szentgyörgy városok állatvilága" (briefly fauna of Pozsony county) he enumerated high number of Aculeata species but without places and date of capture (Ortvay 1902). Kornél Chyzer (4th January 1836 Bártfa (now Bardejov) - 21st September 1909 Budapest, doctor of medicine, ministerial councillor, botanist and zoologist). His collection was deposited in the Carpathian Museum at Poprád. Unfortunately this collection lost. In a series of his works, titled: "Apoidea of Zemplén County" and "Hymenoptera of Zemplén County", Chyzer published high number of Hymenoptera species from all groups from the following localities: Újhely, Tocslva, Szomotor, Szöllőske, Nagymihály, Simonka, Sárospatak, Mád, Erdőbénye, Pamó, Rabaskala, Vihorlát, Szinna, Olyka (Chyzer 1887, 1902). Kornél Chyzer graduated at Pest University of Medicine and continued his studies in Vienna. After his return, for one year he worked for the Department of Zoology of National Museum in Budapest and taught for the Városi Főreáltanoda (Budapest Central High School). In the next year, he moved to Bártfa, where he appointed chief medical officer of balneology at the city hospital. After 9 years, Zemplén County elected him chief medical officer of public health, therefore he moved to Sátoraljaújhely. At his age of 25, he was elected correspondent member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. His largest merit was to defeat the cholera outbreak in 1872. Illés K. Kiss (?) expert of apiculture and scientific writer. He has one paper on Vespa crabro L. titled "Lódarázsfészek" (vespiary of European hornet) (Kiss 1989). Ödön Morvay some papers of him published in Köztelek mainly on plant protection issue. In one of his paper; he discussed the importance of wasp control in plant protection point of view (Morvay 1903). Otto Schmiedeknecht (8th September 1847 Bad Blankenburg - 11th February 1936 Bad Blankenburg) The young Otto spent his childhood at Rudolstadt and started his university studies in Göttingen. At the outbreak of the Franco-German war in 1870, he joined as volunteer to the 56th Infantry Regiment of Göttingen. He survived, unharmed and returned home. Schmiedeknecht received a job as teacher of natural history and modem languages in Gumperda Kahla Institute. Here, he began his scientific work and studying Hymenoptera. In Jena, he was student of Ernst Haeckel where he obtained his PhD. for his thesis on Bumblebees. After his marriage, he moved back with his new family to Bad Blankenburg. Otto Schmiedeknecht was socially active. He was one of the founding members of the Thuringian Society of Entomology, also honorary member of the German Entomological Society and the Thuringian Forest Association. Later, he was appointed curator of the Rudolstadt Natural History collection (now the Natural History
