Rácz Tibor Ákos: A múltnak kútja. Fiatal középkoros regészek V. konferenciájának tanulmánykötete - A Ferenczy Múzeum kiadványai, A. sorozat: Monográfiák 3. (Szentendre, 2014)
Képtáblák
English Summaries Agnes Héczey-Markó - Norbert Jankovics The Churches of Apácatorna Apácatorna is situated at the western borders of Veszprém County, at the foot of the Somló Hill, on the banks above the river Torna. The Catholic church in the northern part of the village was rebuilt in 1942, with its sacristy incorporating parts of the walls of the former medieval church building. Prior to commencing reconstruction works in 2012, a sondage (test pit) was opened as part of the building survey in order to clarify and complement the archival data as well as the observations made by Tibor Koppány during the previous reconstruction with regard to the apse and the adjoining parts of the walls. There are relatively few sources available on the building history of the Apácatorna church, and their interpretation is not entirely clear. The earliest reference on the village of Torna is known from a donation charter in 1311, and the church, dedicated to Saint Margareth, is first mentioned in a charter from 1317. During the Ottoman era the settlement was probably continuously inhabited, at least, there are no references on desertion or depopulation. In 1779 the church was said to be in ruinous state, and following its renovation at the end of the eighteenth century, it has been dedicated to the ’Ascension of the Lord’. Its western tower collapsed in 1917. Some years later, in 1936, it had been declared dangerous, it was closed down and demolished subsequently, and the new church was consecrated in 1942. Parts of the apse incorporated in the new church building were accurately described by Tibor Koppány in 1965, who also prepared the reconstruction drawing of the building and dated it to the thirteenth century. In the 2012 campaign, not only the previously documented apse wall but also the remaining wall fragments of the nave were investigated. From the remaining fragments of the early church, it does not follow that the building dates from the late Arpadian era. Considering its differences from architectural parallels discussed in the literature, the possibility of a twelfthcentury construction date cannot be ruled out. The carved stones with spur-projectiles published by Tibor Koppány cannot be considered as conclusive evidence either, as they could be also part of an extension dating from the second half of the thirteenth century. Until future studies suggest otherwise, the twelfth century dating remains equally a possibility. The earliest conversion of the Árpád Age church, on the windows of the apse, cannot be dated with precision. The width of the south window was broadened at the earliest in the late medieval period, and it was narrowed before the end of the eighteenth century. According to our documents, the Baroque rebuilding of the church took place in 1785. The statue standing in the west porch of the church, depicting St John of Nepomuk with the Madonna and Child did not receive any attention so far. The circumstances of how this statue gets to Apácatorna and its dating remain unknown. The modern church building and the ouvre of its architect, Attila Megyer-Meyer have not been studied yet either. In the research report to the investors, the authors have made propositions on future building archaeological investigations and on the partial reconstruction of the apse in Baroque style. The reconstruction of the sacristy did not start since the end of the research project. 462
