Balogh Zoltán (szerk.): Neograd 2018 - A Dornyay Béla Múzeum Évkönyve 41. (Salgótarján, 2018)

Péntek Attila-Zandler Krisztián: Evidence of middle palaeolithic south from Vanyarc (Nógrád county, Northern Hungary)

There are two pieces resemble Aurignacian end-scrapers. The one piece was made on a short, obliquely broken blade with two leading ridges and symmetrical trapeze cross-section. Its curved working edge is semi-abrupt, both lateral edges are retouched. Its raw material is Mátra-type limnic silicite, the measures are: |21,51*20.5 *4 mm. The other piece is made on a déjeté flake of Mátra-type limnic silicite. Its working edge is steep, several times renewed. Due to heat-effects, there are some traces of thermal pitting (34x29x12 mm; Figure 4: 2)

Among the tools, the second most frequent type is the side-scraper (five artefacts). There is no raw material preference, all artefact made of local limnic silicite, siliceous pebble, jasper (likely of Mátra Mountains origin), Carpathian radiolarite and felsi- tic porphyry. They are made on thick flakes or occasionally on raw material shatters. Morphologically they are not particularly varied, besides two simple straight side-scrapers and two simple curved ones there is a double curved specimen too. The simply curved side-scraper is made on a flake or raw material chunk of Carpathian radiolarite. The edge opposite to the working edge is unworked, making quasi a natural back ([41]x44x 14 mm; Figure 6: 1). The right edge of a tool made on a local limnic silicite chunk with triangular cross-section is retouched flatly. The opposite edge, the left one is thick, approximately straight, unworked, making an impression of a natural back (47x43.5x17 mm; Figure 6: 2). Another piece with natural back is a curved bifacial side-scraper made on a jasper flake or shatter ([35]x27xl0.5 mm; Figure 6: 3). Both lateral edges of the double-curved side-scraper made of felsitic porphyry are roughly worked. Its base was thinned, the bulb was eliminated (43x30x7 mm; Figure 6:5).

From among the four leaf-shaped tools two artefacts each are made of siliceous pebble and felsitic porphyry.

Three artefacts are base fragments of various sizes, two pieces of them have pointed base, a single one has a slightly rounded base. The fourth leaf-point is a mesial fragment. The cross-section of all pieces is biconvex, excepting a piece they are symmetric to their longitudinal axe. The lateral edges are worked with the WGK-method. The pointed base fragment ([31.5]x27.5x 12.5 mm; Figure 5: 1, Figure 10: 4) and that one with the slightly rounded base ([31]x30xl3.5 mm; Figure 5: 2.) are made of siliceous pebble. A pointed base fragment ([46]x26x9 mm; Figure 6:4, Figure 10:6) and a mesial fragment ([38]x[30]xl0.5 mm; Figure 5: 3.) are made of felsitic porphyry. The latter is slightly asymmetric to its longitudinal axe. These artefacts of felsitic porphyry are especially fine elaborated.

In the assemblage, there is a single tool of Upper Palaeolithic type, namely a burin. It possible should be regarded as a stray find. It is made on the distal end of a truncated overshot blade with a strongly curved profile. Its raw material is erratic flint (52.5x21x5 mm).

From among the diverse other tools, there is a retouched fragmented piece of local limnic silicite and a combination tool of very peculiar morphology. The latter is made on a raw material chunk with triangular cross section. The right edge of its distal part is steeply retouched creating an end-scraper like working edge. The right lateral edge of the tool has a semi-abrupt, rather side-scraper like retouching (56,5x25x21 mm; Figure 4:4).

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