Balogh Zoltán (szerk.): Neograd 2018 - A Dornyay Béla Múzeum Évkönyve 41. (Salgótarján, 2018)
Péntek Attila-Zandler Krisztián: Evidence of middle palaeolithic south from Vanyarc (Nógrád county, Northern Hungary)
3.2. Vanyarc-Saj-völgy The V21 site is situated directly above the gully named „Rókavár” („Foxborough”) at an altitude of 240-245 m above sea level, in a distance of 500-550 m from the above-reviewed sites. The Palaeolithic assemblage consists of 219 artefacts. The raw material utilization (Table 5-6.) is characterised by the domination of local limnic silicite (67,58%). It is followed by siliceous pebble (17,81 %), the felsitic porphyry is also present (8,68%). Of the latter, there are some tools and flakes, but the raw material chunks are practically missing. Here again, other raw material types have only negligible quantities. Compared with the two previous sites of Makói-oldal, the raw material utilization concerning the tools shows significantly greater shifts. The share of local limnic silicite is only 26,32% (sic!). The highest distribution has the local siliceous pebble (31,58%), that of the felsitic porphyry is 26,32%, and finally, the share of the Mátra-type limnic silicite is very high (15,79%). The Palaeolithic assemblage contains 19 formal tools (8,68 % of the total assemblage). In the tool-kit, the 13 end-scrapers have the absolute dominance (Figure 7:1-7, Figure 9: 2). Four artefacts are made of local limnic silicite (Figure 9: 1) and felsitic porphyry (Figure 9:2-3), two pieces of siliceous pebble and finally three pieces of Mátra- type limnic silicite. Most are made on thick, amorphous raw material chunks (eight pieces), the remaining five pieces are made on flakes. In two cases the base of the artefacts is made on intentionally broken flakes. The working edges are in almost every case slightly curved and treated with semi-abrupt to steep retouch. They are often renewed, occasionally more than one times. The lateral retouching is in three cases present. The tool made on a thick flake or chunk of local limnic silicite with asymmetric cross section has a straight, steep working edge. The proximal end broke a long time ago, on the ventral face, there are traces of thinning in order to eliminate the bulb (40x36x 15 mm; Figure 7:1). The tool made on a thick local limnic silicite flake with asymmetric cross section has a curved, semi-abrupt working edge. Its base broke a long time ago. The break was likely intentionally in order to haft the tool, to fit into or equip with a hilt or handle (48x29x 13 mm; Figure 7:2). The slightly nosed Aurignacoid end-scraper was made on a felsitic porphyry flake of irregular form. Both lateral edges are retouched. The detachment, which can be seen on the dorsal face, and the elimination of the bulb may have served for hafting purposes (38x35x 11 mm; Figure 7:7, Figure 9:2). The working edge of a piece made on flake of felsitic porphyry is straight and steep. The left lateral edge is also retouched, the right edge is the natural cleavage face (40x21 x ] 0 mm; Figure 8:1). Among the four side-scrapers, there is one piece each simple straight and curved bifacial, two pieces are simple curved ones. Three pieces are made of siliceous pebble and a single one of felsitic porphyry (Figure 9: 4). All four pieces are made on thick flakes or shatters. There is a simple straight side-scraper made on siliceous pebble flake. Its distal end broke a long time ago ([33]x33xl0 mm; Figure 8:2). Another piece made on a siliceous pebble has a curved, bifacially retouched right edge. Its distal end has broken (|42]x47x 13 mm; Figure 8:5, Figure 9:5). 226
