Arrabona - Múzeumi közlemények 39/1-2. (Győr, 2001)

Tanulmányok - Dominkovits Péter: Moson vármegye birtokos társadalma a 16. század végén

ARRABONA39.2001. TANULMÁNYOK ZÁVODSZKY 1922 ZÁVODSZKY Levente: A Héderváry-család oklevéltára II. kötet, Bp. Dominkovits Péter: The Land-owning Society of Moson County at the End of the 16th Century The structure of landed properties, layers and composition of the local noble society in Moson County differs from those of the neighbouring municipal authorities significantly (Győr, Sopron and Bratislava). National examinations from the Maria Theresa's era (e.g. on the classification of the noble society concluded from the fee estates) refer to incomplete classification of the noble society: it means overwhelming majority of one or two latifundiums and a negligible class of small holders. This thesis tries to demonstrate the former structure of noble landed properties, and classification of the noble society by using different types of assessment of taxes at the end of the 16th century. Two different types of the assessment of taxes had been used to analyse the above issues: the register of manors dated back to the roots before the Mohács battle, conscriptios recording the status of the years 1549, 1593 and 1596, and the first two register of houses (1598, 1600) ordered by Section TIT of 1598 had been used as a basic starting point. Significant difference between the two registers is the alteration of the basis of assessment. While in the first registers the size of the manors served as the basis of assessment, in the case of the registers of 1600 the house was considered as basis. The following classification system was formed based on the national evaluation of the register of manors: 1-10 manors meant small estates, 11-100 manors medium sized estates and above 100 manors meant latifundiums. In accordance with the register of manors recording the status of the year 1593, 60.7% of the taxing manors of Moson County were royal estates belonging to the administration of the Lower-Austrian Chamber (444.5 manors), that meant the significant latifundium of the municipal authority. Count Harrach owned between 50-100 manors (61 manors), the Listhy family (57.5 manors), the Cistercian Abbey of Heiligenkreutz owned 50 manors. After the large-medium sized estates close to latifundiums, in the category of smaller medium-sized estates, the Chapter of Győr owning (23 manors) with the share of 3.1 % meant the other Church landowner, while the thin layer of medium-sized estate owners consisted of 5 families (Perekedy, Jósa, Lipcsey, Kisaszonyfalvi, Istvánffy). The layer of noble smalllandowners consisted of 6 families (Rausar, Baraczkay and Bay.) Comparing the name list of the register of 1593 with the register of 1549 shows significant change of the landed families (Listhy, Perekedy), and the nominal examination demonstrates that small-landowners of Moson County has negligible amount of lands only in this municipal authority, while they belong to the class of big landowners (Dersffy, Héderváry). The same analysis by names highlights another speciality of the nobles of this County: significant number of small landowners and curialist noblemen exercise a national function (Andreassyth, Szombathelyi, Pekeredy). After the register reflecting the state prior to the siege of Győr the fortress-town, the register by manors of 1596 illustrates the situation well in Moson County caused by the capitulation of Győr - considered as the bastion of Vienna. However, the fact, that Magyaróvár became one of the border castles created quickly instead of the occupied Győr, resulted in that the inhabitants and settlements of Moson County did not perish as much as in Rábaköz of Sopron County. The register of houses of 1598 and 1600 prepared after the recapture of Győr show reorganisation. Finally, the author of the study put a great emphasis on the officials of the municipal authority of Moson County between 1590-1600 (-1612). 327