Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. A Szent István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 33. 2003 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (2004)
Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Köhler, Kitti: Anthropological finds of the Lengyel culture from Csabdi-Télizöldes. XXXIII. p. 7–24.
Alba Regia XXXIII, 2004 KITTI KÖHLER ANTHROPOLOGICAL FINDS OF THE LENGYEL CULTURE FROM CSABDI-TÉLIZÖLDES INTRODUCTION At the site of Csabdi-Télizöldes, a settlement and a cemetery of the early phase of the Late Neolithic Lengyel culture were excavated by Judit Antoni between 1978 and 1986.' The graves were located among the settlement features, some of them were disturbed by the prehistoric population, some during modern agricultural activities (RégFüz 1:32, (1979) 8; RégFüz 1:33 (1980) 8; RégFüz 1:37 (1987) 10-11; Antoni 1982). The unearthed physical anthropological material is stored in the István Király Museum in Székesfehérvár. The skeletal remains of the first graves were analyzed by Zsuzsanna К. Zoffmann (Zoffmann 1998-1999). 2 From the 32 continuously numbered graves, the skeletal remains of graves 3 and 6 and of grave group 8 were lost in the museum. The primary reason for the physical anthropological reexamination and the publication of its results is the fact that up till now this is the second largest cemetery and most important site after Aszód from the northern distribution area of the so-called eastern group of the culture. 3 MATERIAL AND METHOD Beside a few exceptions, the skeletal remains are badly preserved and incomplete; the bones are fragmented and covered by limescale. Usually only the fragmented The archaeological analysis of the site is in progress. 2 I would like to thank Zsuzsanna К. Zoffmann for granting access to the material for analysis. 3 The present study is a modified version of my MSc thesis submitted to the Institute of Archaeological Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest in 2003. neurocranium and mandible are preserved from the skull, the facial cranium is missing in most cases. Determination of sex was based on Éry-Kralovánszky-Nemeskéri (1963). Age-at-death of adults was estimated with the method of Nemeskéri-Harsányi-Acsádi (1960), using the tables in Sjovold (1975), furthermore using the dental wear schemes of Miles (1963) and Perizonius (1981). When determining the age-at-death of children, the dental development schemes of Schour-Massler (1941) and Ubelaker (1989) and the tables on the growth of long bones worked out by Stloukal-Hanáková (1978) were taken into consideration. In the case of subadults, age at death was estimated on the basis of the ossification table showing the closure of epiphyses by FerembachSchwiedetzky-Stloukal (1979). The collection of metric data was carried out according to Martin-Sailer (1957), their evaluation according to the categories of AleksejevDebec (1964). Calculation of skull capacity was based on the method of Pearson-Jacob-Lee (1903). Calculation of body height was carried out using the formulae of Pearson (1899), Bretinger (1938), Bach (1966) and Sjovold (1990), the resulting data were categorized according to Martin-Sailer (1957). RESULTS /. Demographic analysis As we indicated in the introduction, the physical anthropological remains from some of the graves are now lost. Individual data of the buried can be found in Table /, while their sex and age distributions are shown in Table 2. From the 29 graves at our disposal the skeletal remains of 7
