Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 6.-7. 1965-1966 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1966)

Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Bándi Gábor: The Cemetery of Ercsi-Sinatelep. VI–VII, 1965–66. p. 11–25. t. I–XIV.

grave 4 of group III became conspicuous as compared with the grave-furniture of the rest. Here too a suspension vessel, containing bronze jewels, has come to light. The types occurring here do not diverge from the already quoted ones. This suspension vessel was a specimen with incrusted ornament. Group IV yielded only a single grave, it may have been a solitary one. Its suspension vessel was devastated in course of the earthworks, but according to reports it used to be the same as the similar vessel of grave 4. Accordingly the part of the cemetery represented by the four groups graves, dealt with at present, may be attributed to the early, formative period of the Vatya culture, as a unit: in other words this northern half of the cemetery was probably used by the joint families of one or more clans of this culture in roughly the same period. Group V. — The graves uncovered at a distance of cca 120 metres from the first four groups, totalling 18, lay in the southern end of the cemetery as a unitary group. The burial system of this group does not differ from the known method. Similarly to group I of graves, these are arranged in an oval, equally leaving an empty space in the middle. With this group the finds in a single grave are arranged in the following order. The urn occupied a standing position in the grave in each case. Also the covering bowl was placed with bottom downwards in the mouth of the urn. The unearthed small jugs were beside the urn generally, some of them were found, however, among the burnt human bones. The graves of this group often yielded a small pedestalled bowl, placed into the covering bowl in some cases, or among the bones in others. The bronze jewels, appearing in four graves, have been found in the urn midst the bones regularly. This group did not yield any suspension vessel. Thus the archaeological material of this group of graves demands a more detailed analysis, as it reveals features diverging from the early Vatya groups, presented in the northern half of the cemetery. Urns. — Several types are known in gravefurniture. a) S tore-jar-shaped urn with a slightly flaring rim and a broomed decoration (graves 18, 28, 36). The parallels of this type may be found 17 I. BONA: Alba Regia 1 (1960) pp. 7 seq.; Alba Regia 2/3 (1961—62) pp. 11 seq. 18 I. BONA: Alba Regia 2/3 (1961—62) Pl. IX. no. 9. 19 I. BONA: Alba Regia 1 (1960) Pl. IX nos 3, 17. 20. 20 I. BONA: Alba Regia 2/3 (1961—62) Pl. IV no. 9. 21 Ibid. PL VI nos 1, 3. 22 Ibid. PL XVII nos 22—23. 23 I. BONA: Alba Regia 1 (1960) PL VIII no. 16. 24 Ibid: PL X no. 13. 25 Ibid. pp. 7 seq. 26 A. MOZSOLICS: The Kisapostag Urn Cemetery from the with several groups of the Nagyrév culture, as the Ökörhalom, Szigetszentmiklós and Kulcs groups

17 (Dunaújváros — Dunádul ő,

18 Szigetszent m ikló s

19

). b) A biconical type, or one with a globular body and a narrow neck (grave 19, PI. VI. no. 5; grave 20, PL VI. no. 7; grave 34, PL XII. no. 2). In the material of the Nagyrév culture this shape of urn is especially familiar with the Ökörhalom group (S z a n d a,

3

° Tószeg — Homoklaposdülő

21

), but analogies to our type are furnished by the Szigetszentmiklós group as well (Bölcske — Szentandrásp u s z t a

2

'

3

). c) The most frequent form is the urn with an arched neck, a flaring rim and an extended globular body, the neck being bridged by one handle (grave 21, PL VI no. 10; grave 23, PL VIII no. 2; graves 25 to 27, PL IX. no. 2; grave 27, PL IX. no. 3; grave 29, PL XI. no. 1; grave 33, PL XII. no. 1). This type is very familiar with the Szigetszentmiklós group, but especially with the Kulcs one (Kulcs,

23 Dunaú j v á г о s,

24 Bölcske — Szentandrásp u s z t a

25

). d) The urns of graves 22 and 32 (PL VII no. 8; PL XI no. 5) are different from the usual Nagyrév forms. They are biconical, with a funnelshaped neck, having 1 to 3 small handles on the junction of the neck and the shoulder. Their necks show a typical incrusted „rolled stick" ornament. This form may be enlisted into the socalled „Kisapostag type". It is known only the groups of graves defined as Kisapostag or Kisapostag

—Vatya ones (Kisapostag,

36 Kulcs,

27 Dunapentel e,

28 Bölcske — Szentandráspuszt a.

29

) Bowls. — All types of bowls may be identified with the forms of the Nagyrév culture. a) Truncated cone-shaped bowl with an arched neck, and a flaring or a swollen rim. It occurs without any handle or with 1 to 4 handles on the neck (e. g. grave 19, PL VI no. 6; grave 21, PL VI. no. 9; grave 31, PL XL no. 4; grave 32, PL XI. no. 6). This type is a frequent one in almost all the cemeteries of the Szigetszentmiklós and Kulcs groups (Szigetszentmik1 ó s,

30 Dunaújváros — Dunádul ő,

;a Bölcske — Szentandráspuszt a,

32 К u 1 с s,

33 Rácalmás — Fallertany a

34

). Early Bronze Age АН 26 (1942) Pl. IL 27 I. BONA: The Bronze Age ... I, dealing with the evolution of the Vatya culture. 28 Ibid. 29 Ibid. 30 I. BONA: Alba Regia 2/3 (1961—62) PL XIV no. 3; PL XV no. 8. 31 Ibid. PL XVI no. 16. 32 Ibid. PL XVII nos 6, 18. 33 I. BONA: Alba Regia 1 (1960) PL II nos 4, 7, 12. 34 Ibid. PL IX no. 19. 18