Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 4.-5. 1963-1964 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1965)
Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Bóna István: The Peoples of Southern Origin of the Early Bronze Age in Hungary I–II. IV–V, 1963–64. p. 17–63. t. I–XVII.
we find a specimen which might be the twin of the Somogy vár, Vucedol and Nagyrév jugs of type 1/b. 7 " Glina III finds contain the parallels to the pear-shaped jug, spherical segment-shaped bowl and long whetstone of the Serbian Zarub burial mound. 77 The frequent zigzag patterns incised with single or plural lines present further links to the Somogyvár group, 78 nay decoration yields an astonishing connection among the finds of the settlement Tinódul, south of Ploesti, of Glina III character: the handle of one vessel has also a lozenge pattern incised on a spot indentical to the Nezsider specimen! 7 9 At the same site we find also the zigzag pattern drawn with several lines. There is no immediate relationship between the Somogy vár group and Bubanj. The ethnical group living eastwards of the Morava has been a faraway neighbour of the Somogyvár В area. On the other hand its significant influences may be shawn partly in the Belotic-Bela Crkva tumulus groups appearing on the right bank of the lower northern stretch of the Drina, partly in the Glina III — Schneckenberg groups. Hardly any relationship may be established with the finds of the late period of Plocnik, situated to the south of the Somogyvár В area. The only link is represented by the rough models or varieties of the two-handled amphora of type 3 80 and the two-handled jug of type 2 81 . The connection between the Plocnik jars, and jugs and the typical Nagyrév pottery seems to be the more significant. 8. Aegean —Anatolian connections Analyzing the archaeological material of our group, we find its deep-rooted precursors in the Early Bronze Age culture, extended on the north-eastern shore of the Aegean Sea from Eastern Macedonia through South-Eastern Thracia to Troy, nay beyond it in the north-western corner of Anatolia. Our investigations are restricted, however, to the typological and chronological antecedents of the archaeological material. The finds of the area defined above are known namely from settlements (tells) exclusively. As far as we know, not a single Early Bronze Age grave 76 D. BERCIU: APO Fig. 106 no. 1. 77 J. NESTOR: op. cit. Fig. 7 nos 2, 15-16; D. BERCIU: APO Fig. 108 nos 9, 10, 13-15. 78 J. NESTOR: op. cit. Fig. 7 no. 15; Fig. 8 no. 9; Fig. 12 no. 7. 79 R. VULPE: Dacia 1 (1924) 166—, Fig. 19 no. 9. 80 N. VULIC—M. GRBIC: op. cit. Pl. 9 no. 3. 81 Ibid. PL 9 nos 8-9. 82 P. DETEV: GNMPL 3 (1959) Fig. 21 b. 83 V. MIKOV: IAI 13 (1939) 195—, Figs 250-251. 84 P. DETEV: IAI 17 (1950) Fig. 117 ПО. 4; Fig. 124 nos 5-6. or cemetery, respectively, has been published from this area so far, so we are barred from the comparison of burial rites. Since the majority of bronze jewels and weapons come to light from graves generally, in course of their investigation we must resort to auxiliary solutions and outline the background of bronze metallurgy, as we have done with the Pitvaros group. Our comparison will be based an the phenomena of the Greek Peninsula in a small degree only. The reason is that the related finds, appearing there in the end of the Early Helladic period, are only consequences just as ours, both may be reduced to the northern — nort-eastern shore region of the Aegean. Thus in the Middle Helladic period burial mounds containing cists are appearing also in Greece but without any antecedents, just as in the Danubian region. So a final statement on the burial rites of the Somogyvár group can only be made after the uncovering of the Macedonian and South —East —Thracian cemeteries. The connections of the finds will be dealt with in the sequence of our types: 1. One-handled jugs. The precedents of the angular 1/a form are rooted in the Neolithic of the South —Eastern Balcans. 82 At seme places the survival of the from may be followed as far as the Bronze Age, e. g. at Veselinovo 83 where good formal analogies of our specimens have come to light. Especially good parallels were uncovered in a layer coeval with the upper Junacite stratum, in the houses E and M of Razkopanica. 8i Its Early Bronze Age precursor is known from the Macedonian Olynthos. 85 Apt parallels to variety a/1 with a large strap handle may be, mentioned from Zgaljevo 86 to the low stout variety a/2 (e. g. Sármellék, Pl. XIV no. 4) from Vardarophtsa. 81 An excellent parallel to type a/4 of Makárhegy has come to light recently at the North —East Thessalian Argissa Magula 88 dated to the Early Thessalian (Early Bronze Age) period III. The one-handled jug with a globular belly (type 1/b) are ancient vessels of Troy an civilisation. They are eppearing at Thermi already, 89 being general in Troy II —V naturally. 90 The analogies of the jug with a higher neck, a type characteristic of the Somogyvár—Nagy85 W. A. HEURTLEY: Prehistoric Macedonia (henceforth PM) (Cambridge 1939) Fig. 146. 86 IAI 18 (1952) 342. 87 W. A. HEURTLEY: PM Fig. 222. 88 W. MILOJCIC : Die Hauptergebnisse der deutschen Ausgrabungen in Thessalien (Bonn 1961) 26-27, Fig. 22 no. 10. 89 W. LAMB-R. W. HUTCHINSON: ABSA 30 (1928-30) 1-, Fig. 5 nos 98Д, 99/1 and 299/1; Fig. 7 nos 331/3 and 125/2. 90 С W. BLEGEN et al: Troy. General Introduction. The First and Second Settlements. Vol. I Part 2 (henceforth Troy 1/2) (Princeton 1950) PL 383 and 385. 54
