Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 4.-5. 1963-1964 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1965)
Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Bóna István: The Peoples of Southern Origin of the Early Bronze Age in Hungary I–II. IV–V, 1963–64. p. 17–63. t. I–XVII.
rév—Vucedol groups equally, are appearing in Troy IV. 91 Then the almost indistinguishable exact formal parallels are found in the same shape at Veselinovo, 92 Deve Bargan,® 3 Azapköj, 9í Sladko Kladenec, 95 Kadin Most* 6 Karanovo layer VI, 91 Junacite, ss further in the Early Bronze Age settlements of Macedonia, Vardarophtsa," Gona 100 Kritsana, 101 Hagios Mamas 102 and the surroundings of Sykia. 103 It is important to note that the form appears only from the Middle Helladic Age in Thessalia, e. g. at Tsangli. 10i 2. Two-handled jugs (amphorae). Also an ancient vessel shape of the Aegean-Anatolian civilization. It is found in layer VI of the Anatolian Beyce-Sultan at about 2000 already. 105 It is a constant form of Troy III —V as well, 106 both in a smaller and a larger size. With an ansa cornuta it is very frequent at Junacite 101 and without such in a similar shape at Razkopanica. 108 It becomes a very common vessel form in the Greek Peninsula from the Middle Helladic Age on, surviving down to the classic period almost without any change. 109 3. The two-handled store-jar with a cylindrical neck is also an ageold Aegean form. It is found among the basic forms of Troy III —V 110 just as in the Early Bronze Age of Cyprus. 111 Further Early Bronze Age parallels may be mentioned from the Macedonian Molyvopyrgo 112 and Gona 113 also an exact parallel, dated to the boundary between the Early and Middle Helladic Ages, from the Graecian Boubasti. 114. The water-jar is an ancient vessel shape of Western Asia, poor in rainfall. 115 In an unchanged form we notice it in Troy 91 c. W. BLEGEN et al.: The Third, Fourth and Fifth Settlements. Vol. II Part 2 (henceforth Troy II/2) (Princeton 1951) PL 161 nos 37, 872; H. SCHMIDT: Heinrich Sohliemann's Sammlung troianischer Altertümer (Berlin 1902) 1272. 92 V. MIKOV: IAI 13 (1939) 195—, Fig. 226 a. 93 R. POPOV: GNM 1922-25, 72, Fig. 164 F. 94 V. MIKOV: GPNB 1928-29, 171-, Fig. 2. 95 V. MIKOV: TAI 5 (1915) 229. 96 1. IVANOV- IAI 1 (1910) Fig. 88. 97 G. I. GEORGIEV: L'Europe à la fin de l'âge de la pierre (Praha 1961) 45—, table. 98 V. MIKOV: GPNB (1937-39) 55-84. 99 W. A. HEURTLEY—R. W. HUTCHINSON: ABSA 27 (1925-26) 1—, PI. 4. no. 18; W. A. HEURTLEY: PM Figs 230-231, 233. 100 W. A. HEURTLEY: PM nos 274 and 276. 101 Ibid. nos 172-173. 102 Ibid. nos 194. 196-199. 103 Ibid. ПО. 214. 104 A. J. B. WAGE—M. S. THOMPSON: Prehistoric Thessaly (Cambridge 1912) Fig. 50. 105 S. LLOYD— J. MELLART: ASt 6 (1956) 101—, Fig. 2. 106 С. W. BLEGEN: Troy II/2, Fig. 43 type A 43; Fig. 44 type В 6. 107 V. MIKOV: GPNB 1937-39, 55 seq., Fig. 25. 108 P. DETEV: IAI 17 (1950) Fig. 113 A (house В). 109 KR. TSUNTAS: Ai preistorikai akropoleis Diminou kai Sesklo (Athen 1908} 205 (Sesklo); N. VALMIN: Das adriatische Gebiet im Vor- und Frühbronzezeit (Lund-Leipzig 1939) Fig. 41 no. 2 (Olympia). G. KARO: Die Schachtgräber von Mykaenai (München 1930-1933)) PL 172 (grave from the Second City lie to the Fifth, 117 being one of the most frequent vases. 118 It is general in the upper Early Bronze Age layers of the South —East Thracian tells at Veselinovo (from 2,20 m upwards), 119 in layer VI of Karanovo 120 Also a frequent occurrence in the Early Bronze Age settlements of Eastern Macedonia but only the Kritsana specimen, exactly identical with our pieces, could be reconstructed. 121 In the Early Bronze Age it comes to light in the Bulgarian regions neighbouring to Macedonia, at Kadin Most. 12 * As to Greece, it appears in Thessalia 12G at the end of the Early Helladic III, at Orchomenos 12 * at the boundary of the Early and Middle Helladic. In Hungary a large-size water-jar is found in the Late Copper Age Pécel culture only, 12 * it has a different shape though and may be reduced to Late Vinca precedents. The Troy —Kritsana type appears as a characteristic vessel shape with the Somogyvár group at the first time. As we have shown above, it is handed over by this group to the Vucedol culture (Kánya, Zecovi, Cseke, Vucedol). We note that a good model of the Vládháza amphora of the Schneckenberg group is to be found at the Macedonian Hagios Mamas. 126 5. The cylindrical high beaker appears at the Thracian Galasevo 121 and YassaTepe 128 in the Neolithic Age already, Troy 1Vi and Thermi 130 have it in the period Troy II. At Kukuva Mogila, near Duvanli, 131 it occurs at an early date too. Though there is some gap in ths chronological sequence at present, these examples bear out the Aegean origin of such beakers. IV). W. A. HEURTLEY: ABSA 35 (1934-35) 1—, Fig. 12 no. 46 (Ithaka) etc. НО С W. BLEGEN: Troy II/2, Fig. 43 type A 42. 111 CL. F. A. SCHAEFFER: Missions en Chypre (Paris 1927) Fig. 55 I and E; Fig. 53 I. 112 W. A. HEURTLEY: PM no. 212. 113 Ibid, nos 271-272. 114 S. FUCHS: Die griechischen Fundgruppen der frühen Bronzezeit und ihre auswärtigen Beziehungen. (Berlin 1937) Fig. 12 a. 115 R. O. ARIK: Alaça Höyük Hafriyati (Ankara 1937) PL 79 no. 689. 116 С. W. BLEGEN: Troy 1/2, PL 391-393. 117 С. W. BLEGEN: Troy II/2, type С. 10, Fig. 45 a. 118 Ibid. PL 75 nos 34, 410; 34, 395; PL 163 nos 33, 116; 37, 912; 37, 914; H. SCHMIDT: op. cit. 2491. 119 V. MIKOV: IAI 13 (1939) 195—, Fig. 262/b. 120 G. I. GEORGIEV: op. cit. loc. cit. 121 W. A. HEURTLEY: PM nos 171, 176 and PL 13 no. 176. 122. I. IVANOV: IAI 1 (1910) Fig. 89. 123 W. MILOJClC: Hauptergebnisse pp. 28-28, Fig. 23 no. 8. 124 S. FUCHS: op. cit. p. 101, Fig. 3. 125 J. BANNER: Die Péceler Kultur Fig. 117, forms 5 and 12. 126 H. SCHROLLER: op. cit. PL 28 no. 1/b; W. A. HEURTLEY: PM no. 208. 127 V. MIKOV: GNM 5 (1926-31) 82 seq., Fig. 14 d. 128 P. DETEV: GNMPL 3 (1959) Fig. 4. 129 С. W. BLEGEN: Troy 1/1, PL 379 nos 37, 1139. 130 W. LAMB—R.W.HUTCHINSON: op. cit. Fig. 9. no. 129/1. 131 B. FILOV: Nadgrobnite mogili pri Duvanli (Sofia 1934) 29, Fig. 32 nos 1-2. 55
