Petres Éva, F.: Neolithic graves at Bicske - István Király Múzeum közelményei. A. sorozat 9. (Székesfehérvár, 1959)
ments of a tubular legged dish and a few pieces ornated with knobs found to the S from the skeleton belonged presumably to the tomb. We know of a second destroyed tomb. The lack of character of the little material does not allow for a sure definition." In the problem of chronology the enumeration of such a small number of tombs cannot offer a definite solution. Yet the examination of the tombs already shows that in the neolithic age of Transdanubia the material is mixed not only in the settlements but also in the burial places. The fact that there are vessels displaying the influence of different cultures almost in every tomb is an argument for the simultaneity of cultures. While in the case of settlements an ulterior mixing of the cultures as a consequence of continuity seemed an acceptable explanation, this is far less admissible in tombs. It is conceivable in exceptional cases, that an older vessel be burried in the tomb, or that is got there by a later disturbance but such cases may be only exceptional. In the Transdanubian neolithic tombs, however, the diversity of. vessels within each tomb appears as a constant phenomenon wich cannot be considered as fortuitous. The relation with the other parts of the Carpathian basin already exists at the beginning of the neolithic age, but is gaining in intensity during the second part. The settlements belonging to the culture of the line decorated pottery assume the Tisza type originating from the Great Hungarian Plain, and a still farther southern influence is the appearance of the Bánát culture. We do not find in the material pieces showing unambiguous Lengyel influence; the dishes with tubular legs do not represent the later Lengyel, aeneolithic form, but rather the variety known in the Bánát, or what is even more plausible the variety known in the culture of line decorated pottery. The monocoloured red paint can also be more easily related to the said two cultures, that of the Bánát and that of the Tisza* All this points to the fact that these find spots of mixed culture preceding the epoche of the aeneolithic Lengyel culture, came into being in the North of Transdanubia simultaneously with the Tisza culture. On the other hand it might be as an alternative interpretation that these settlements have come into being simultaneously with the Lengyel culture — but without a decisive Lengyel influence — during the aeneolithic age. The Bicske tombs seem to argue rather in favour of the latter theory, as the strongly shaped sharps knobs and the vessel with legs — altough we do not know how it looked exactly — are already of aeneolithic character. Székesfehérvár, 1954. 11
