Tóth Arnold (szerk.): Néprajz - muzeológia: Tanulmányok a múzeumi tudományok köréből a 60 éves Viga Gyula tiszteletére (Miskolc, 2012)
HISTÓRIA - TUDOMÁNYTÖRTÉNET - DÉNES GYÖRGY: A bolgárok hódításai és telepítései a Kárpát-medencében a magyar honfoglalás előtt
VÁCZY Péter 1938 Magyarország kereszténysége a honfoglalás korában. In: SERÉDI Jusztinián (szerk.): Emlékkönyv Szent István király halálának kilencszázadik évfordulóján I— I II. I. 213265. Budapest, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia 1974 A frank háború és az avar nép. Századok. 108. 5-6. 1041-1061. BULGARIAN CONQUESTS AND SETTLEMENTS IN THE CARPATHIAN BASIN BEFORE THE HUNGARIAN CONQUEST Early in the 7th century great parts of the Balkans were occupied by tribes of Slavonic ethnic groups because of the invasion of Avars who had controlled that time the Carpathian basin. Slavonic tribes settled in the Danube delta and in the region stretching out to the Aegean Sea (Macedonia) spoke old Slavonic as it is nowadays called, but, henceforward, their life went to a totally different direction. Tribes living in the Danube delta were conquered by the militant Bulgarian-Turks, thus with Slav majority but under Bulgarian-Turkish rule the autonomous Bulgarian Empire was established. Slavonic tribes settled in Macedonia accepted Byzantium's supreme authority and integrated into the Byzantine Empire. Krum khan who had came to power in Bulgaria early in the 9th century, crushed the Avar Empire with his expedition of 803 and 804. Under the reign of Krum or of his successor, Omurtag khan, Bulgarians annexed the territory of the Carpathian basin lying east of the Danube to their empire; than their descendants directed their attention to the Balkans. Taking advantage of Byzantine wars against the Arabs, the pagan Bulgarian troops occupied the great part of Macedonia where a significant number of Christian Macedonians engaged unsuccessfully the pagan attackers. Ten thousands of defeated Christian families were transferred as servants by Bulgarians to the Carpathian basin mainly to the northern edge of the Great Plain. According to the author, besides other people, Hungarians arriving in the Carpathian basin at the time of the conquest found two ethnic groups speaking the same Slavonic dialect but having a totally different legal status and ideology. In the castle and the frontier guard settlements of the Bulgarians, lived Bulgarian families who were not yet Christians but legally free; in the northern edge of the Great Plain, along the line of the North Hungarian Mountains, from the Danube bend to the valley of the Hernad River, and in Transylvania Christian Slavonic servants served their conquerors. [Translation by Eva Bodovics] György Dénes 64
