A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 46. (2007)

ELŐADÁSOK A VALLONOK TÖRTENETÉHEZ - Miklós Cseri: Hungarian Open Air Museum Regional unit: Markét town from Northern Hungary

A Felföldi mezőváros tájegység telepítési rajza borders thanks to the long-distance trade. The production of goods for sale determined the life of the population during the 18

th

—1

9

th century, the time selected for presentation in the Museum. For the arrangement of the buildings of the market town in Northern Hungary we opted for a settlement structure, in which we can place eight crofts each situated on a narrow plot of land. This town segment is a road fork enclosing a triangle shaped open area, a 'square'. The crofts form a right angle to the street. Complementary elements of the highly developed stone architecture enrich the townscape: pavement, supporting walls, fences, wells and cellars will be added. A terrace system with stonewall support above the road leading out of the town enables us to show the procedure of vine-growing as well as different kinds of grapes before the time of the devastating phylloxera. In the imposing stone houses of the crofts to be re-erected in the Hungarian Open Air Museum we intend to recall interiors typical for the end of the 18

th and the beginning of the 19

th century. When selecting the original buildings or the ones to be built as a replica mentioned in the settlement plan (the houses from Tokaj, Mád, Tállya, Hejce, Gyöngyös and Erdőbénye), our aim was to represent with these buildings the most important varieties of stone architecture in the 18

th and 19

th century with regard to their ground-plan and function. These dwelling houses were set up in a narrow plot together with a press house, a cellar and eventually a workshop. In the furnishing we want to highlight the economic 588