A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 44. (2005)

Szilágyi Miklós: Gyűjtői naplófeljegyzések Zemplén megyei faluközösségekről – 1961-1962

Szilágyi Miklós 1980 A Hernád halászata. Borsodi Kismonográfiák, 10. Miskolc 1989 Néphagyomány - népi mentalitás - állami igazgatás az orvhalászat tükrében. Életmód és Tradíció, 3. Budapest 2000 Törvények, szokásjog, jogszokás. In: Paládi-Kovács Attila (főszerk.): Magyar Néprajz, VIII. Társadalom. 693-759. Budapest Ujváry Zoltán 1957 A vadontermő növények szerepe a táplálkozásban az Abaúj-Zempléni hegyvidéken. Néprajzi Értesítő, XXXIX. 231-244. 1957 Primitív tűzgyújtás a Zempléni-hegyvidékről. Ethnographia, LXIX. 462-464. 1960 Ősi famegmunkáló eszköz népi használatban. A debreceni Déri Múzeum Évkönyve, 1958-1959. 127-139. Debrecen 1969 Források és kutak a Zempléni-hegyvidéken. A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve, VIII. 367-388. Miskolc ÚMTSz 1979-1992 Új Magyar Táj szótár, 1-3. (Főszerk.: B. Lőrinczy Éva). Budapest DIARY OF A FIELD STUDY ON THE VILLAGE COMMUNITIES IN COUNTY ZEMPLÉN, 1961-1962 The lecturers and students of the Ethnographic Institute of the Kossuth Lajos University in Debrecen conducted systematic ethnographic research in the villages of the Zemplén Mountains (Mogyoróska, Regéc, Fony, Árka, Baskó, Háromhuta) in the 1950s and 1960s. As a university student, the author of this study spent several weeks in these villages in 1961-1962, and studied peasant economies and how local socicties functioned. The planncd monograph incorporating the findings of this research was not completed, and thus the field diaries containing the observations made at the time and the conclusions drawn from data collected during the interviews were not utilised. One rcason for the current publication of the diary is that it is an invaluable source for the everyday activity of village communities during that period. These peasant villages felt the pressure to adjust to the broader society around them: forced collectivisation had already occurred in somé villages, and many of their inhabitants found work in the industrial works of nearby towns, while forest economy, which offered a better means of livelihood than traditional farming, had been drawn under state control, meaning that trade in timber and carved wooden products had become severely restricted. In spite of these changes, the traditional solidarity of the village community was still very much alive, together with the local forms of information fiow and exchange influencing local opinion. Traditional modes of observing customs too are amply documented in the field diaries. The diary entries contain a wealth of detailed observations (and conclusions) concerning the possession of the woodland and its management. It alsó contains fascinating entries on the anomalies in the economy of the Árka co-operative, the visit of an American relatíve to Mogyoróska, and the circumstances under which the ball before Lent was organised and held in Baskó. Miklós Szilágyi 564