Gáti Csilla (szerk.): A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve 54., 2016-2017 (Pécs, 2017)
RÉGÉSZET - Viktor Wéber: Settlement of the Early Urnfield period at Majs–Borza-major (Southern Transdanubia, Hungary)
Settlement of the Early Urnfield period at Majs–Borza-major 219 Conclusions Although several forms of the pottery from Majs–Borza-major can be linked to the Initial phase of the Urnfield period, the whole assemblage cannot be dated earlier than the Ha A1 period. Due to the presence of several later types, and because most of the characteristic types of the Ha A1 period present at the site remained in use at least until the Ha A2/Ha B1 transition phase 11 , the finds of the pit from Majs–Borza-major should be dated between the Ha A1 and Ha A2-B1 periods (Fig. 18). 12 In absolute dates, according to L. Sperber, the Ha A1 period correlates to ca. 1225–1155 BC, the Ha A2 to ca. 1155–1085 BC, while the Ha B1 to ca. 1085– 1020 BC ( Sperber 1987: 255.). In a more recent study on the absolute dating of the Slovenian Bronze Age, the Rogoza-Orehova vas horizon (Ha A period) was dated slightly later, to the 12 th and 11 th centuries BC ( Črešnar – Teržan 2014 : 693 ., Fig . 30 .). Radiocarbon dates from the sites of Prein and Prigglitz, previously dated to the Ha A period, indicate that the sites existed later, in the 10 th and 9 th centuries BC ( Trebsche 2015). ?e data obtained by the Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon dates from sites of the Bz D–Ha B2 periods from Transdanubia (Fig. 19) roughly correspond with the aforementioned dates, although there seems to be a smaller gap around the 12 th century BC (probably due to the small number of both the samples and the sites from which samples are available). Radiocarbon dates from the settlement of Németbánya–Felsőerdei dűlő, dated by its excavator between the Bz C2/D and the Ha A1 period ( Ilon 1996a: 153., 156., Ilon 2015: 248., Taf. 20.), suggest that its earlier phase span from the second half of the 14 th century to the first half of the 13 th century BC, while its later phase through the 13 th and 12 th centuries BC. ?e Bz D-Ha A1 period settlement of Börcs–Paphomlokdűlő ( Figler 1996: 11–12.) existed in the 13 th and in the first half of the 12 th century BC. ?e well of Bezi–Nagy-sarok, dated to the Ha A1 period, should be dated to the second half of the 13 th century BC. Dates provided by two samples from Ha A2 period graves of Ménfőcsanak span through the 12 th and 11 th centuries BC ( Ilon 2014: 32–33., Fig. 20., Ilon 2015: 248., Taf. 20.), while five samples from Gór–Kápolnadomb ( Ilon 1996b: 184., Ilon 2015: 248., Taf. 11 ?e Ha A2 and Ha B1 phases tend to be inseparable, and there is an ongoing debate on whether the existence of the Ha A2 phase in the Carpathian Basin can be justified ( Váczi 2014a: 49–50., Tarbay 2015: 329–332.). 12 ?e completely excavated pit was dated to the Ha A-Ha B period by the excavator ( Papp 1967). ?e assemblage was dated to the late Tumulus culture (Bz D period) by B. Maráz with the exception of one vessel (Fig. 16/ 5), that, according to her, belongs to the Urnfield culture ( Maráz 1979: 125., 156.). F. Kőszegi assigned the site to his Phase II, which corresponds to the end of Bz D and the Ha A1 period ( Kőszegi 1988: 31., 159.).
