Dr. Bándi Gábor: A Dél-Dunántúli mészbetétes edények népe kultúrájának elterjedése és eredete (Dunántúli Dolgozatok 4. A Pécsi Janus Pannonius Múzeum Kiadványai 4. Pécs, 1967)

Összefoglalás

The Extension and Origin of the Incrusted Pottery Culture in Southern Transdanubia (Summary) Sixty-one years have passed since the publication of a monograph of European outlook by Mór Wcsinszky on Transdanubian incrusted pottery. Important as the studies on the details of this subject may be, the recently unearthed settlements and cemeteries demand a summary, relative by necessity. Thus the primary aim of the present study is to publish all the sites of the incrusted pottery folk uncovered till 1964, in order to make them available to further research. The gathered material or the register of sites, respectively, are limited to the three counties of Southern Transdanubia, i. e. to Baranya, Tolna and Somogy. (See map of extension.) Naturally the decisive factor in drawing the boundaries of the surveyed area was no geographical or adminisztrative consideration in the first place but the present stand of research, dividing the culture of Transdanubian incrusted pottery into two large ethnical groups, lebelled as Northern and Southern Transdanubian, on the basis of material culture. So in the present paper we intend to show the extension and, as far as possible, the origin of the Southern Transdanubian group; further to outline this group more definitely by the help of a solution of the named problems, never losing the connection of the group with the whole out of sight. As to extension, the nearly two hundred sites, belonging to the Southern Transdanubian group of the incrusted pottery culture, are roughly coincident with the area of the three counties dealt with. Sites are limited to the watershed area of Lake Balaton and the Danube and Drave rivers, they are flanking the Lake Balaton and the Kisbalaton territory and the direction of rivers and brooks from the North-West to the South-East. Self-standing sites of the culture are unknown in the Mezőföld area, attached to the Great Hungarian Plain geographically; in this territory a Vatya population of a decidedly tell-culture was living in the course of the Middle Bronze Age. The north-eastern boundary of the extension of the incrusted pottery folk in the East and South-East of Transdanubia was set roughly by the Sió—Sárvíz line; to the south of this line we find their rites all along the Kis-Koppány, Kapos and Koppány rivers, in the inundation area of the Danube in the counties Tolna and Baranya, on the banks of the rivulets Fókete-víz, Pécs-víz and Almas, running to the south towards the Drave, further on the banks of this river. As a rule, the sites avoid the higher regions of the Mecsek and Villányi mountains. To the south of the Drave there is no date whatever which could be adduced for the extension of the culture there. * * # Considering the entire Transdanubia, recent sites uncovered during the past few years and some striking features of several authenticated excavations of settlements are drawing our attention to a group of archaeological material almost automatically, showing several important differences from the well-known, classical incrusted finds of North and South Transdanubia. In the area of Southern Transdanubia this characteristic archaeological material may be divided into two groups. 1. In several settlements of the Zók culture it is occurring in a very small quantity, scattered on the surface. 2. These finds may be recognized in selfstanding settlements and cemeteries, distinguishable both from the Zók and the typical Southern Transdanubian sites. (Szentlőrinc Open

—Air Bath, Szajk Brickworks, Regöly Fish-Ponds, Szakály—Tárkány, Háromfa—Rinyapart, Fonyód—-Bézseny Farm, etc. — Pl. I—

XV. The material of these sites is very closely related to the finds of the Litzenkeramik-incrus-