Külpolitika - A Magyar Külügyi Intézet elméleti-politikai folyóirata - 1978 (5. évfolyam)
1978 / 1. szám - KÖNYVEKRŐL - A Szovjetunió diplomáciai dokumentumai 1938.
SCIENTIFIC FORUM Osmo Apunen: Finland’s foreign policy line ........................................................................................ 122 Hungarian—British Round Table ........................................................................................................ 132 BOOKS Hungarian—Soviet relations 1971 —1975 ........................................................................................... 138 A . P. Butyenko (ed.); Socialism and international relations ............................................................... 142 Kurt Schacht: A balance-sheet of the Social-Democrat policy of reform............................................ 146 E berhard Schulz (ed.): The Eastern links of the European community.............................................. 151 Diplomatic documents of the Soviet Union 1938 .............................................................................. 156 Á rpád Prandier: The basic principles of Soviet foreign policy and the new constitution Section IV of the new Soviet Constitution, which deals with foreign policy has elicited considerable international attention. It is amongst those sections that contain more than the average of new features. The basic principles of foreign policy had not, until recently, been accorded constitutional definition, though they found consistent application in Soviet activities. The conventional major objectives are listed in article 28: ensuring favourable international conditions for the construction of communism in the Soviet Union, support for the international struggle of national liberation and for social progress, and the implementation of peaceful coexistence between states with differing social systems. The present state of affairs also fully justifies a reference to the political interests of the Soviet Union, and laying down universal and complete disarmament as a policy objective. Prandler argues that the import of peaceful coexistance has extended since the 1920s. These days it does not mean the isolation of the socialist countries from a hostile international environment, but increasingly the development of mutually advantageous interstate political, economic, scientific and cultural relations. Article 29 incorporates the ten basic principles of the Helsinki Final Document amongst constitutional provisions. Prandler argues, as against other students of international law, that these principles, and the norms of international law in general, do not serve the social status quo, and do not handicap the struggle of revolutionary forces. The Soviet Constitution undoubtedly lends further weight to the international status of the Helsinki Final Document. Article 30 regulates relations between the Soviet Union and the countries of the socialist system. Other articles as well refer to foreign policy, e.g. articles 72, 76, 80 and 81 add new aspects to, and strengthen the sovereignity of the member republics of the Soviet Union. Article 7 does not merely establish human rights as a principle to be honoured, but also details the rights and liberties of Soviet citizens, ensuring the conditions for their effective assertion. Béla Köpeczi: Long-term consequences to be drawn from cultural cooperation in Europe Mutual knowledge of other cultures helps to improve relations, and furthers mutual understanding and the maintenance of peace. History shows however that a shared culture did not necessarily lead to the implementation of these aims. The social effects of culture must be studied in conjunction with the class-struggle, and the other social and political processes that are located in Europe. Marx and Engels predicted a uniform, universal culture on the basis of capitalist development trends. The forecast has only found partial fulfillment. The outstanding intellectual products of the major nations have truly become common property, but the resistance of the nations to the internationalism of the world market proved more effective than they imagined. The countries progressing towards socialism have also maintained their national character. Culture of a new kind, and of a democratic character began to flourish in the Soviet Union, and later in the other socialist countries of Europe, following a cultural revolution in Lenin’s sense of the term. Regardless of the errors of what is called dogmatism, socialist culture, right from the start, proved receptive to, and helped propagate, the great values of the past, whatever their country of origin. Selection was more restricted at the start as regards modern bourgeois culture, but the socialist cultural policy of the past twenty years has corrected such a narrowness of outlook, while continuing to prohibit the propagation of VI
