Hidrológiai Közlöny 1974 (54. évfolyam)

3-4. szám - Könyvismertetés

Hidrológiai Közlöny 1974. 3—4. sz. 147 now all types of subsurface- and surface water can be studies simultaneously in their interrelations. The recommendations by I. Sárvári are useful to all those engaged in the processing of hydrological records extending to several decades. In the SE part of the Plains the studies on the level of artesian waters have yielded results in very good agreement with the conclusions of Sárvári. In the case of groundwater and karstic water Sárvári has observed the influence of precipitation with a delay of 2 and 3 to 4 years, respectively, while in the case of artesian waters at dephts from 100 to 200 metres we observed a delay of 10 years. Mrs. Dr. I. Szabó According to D. Gábor professor at the London University the future cannot be foretold, but can be shaped. It is difficult to make allowance for effect of the great number of factors and to approach the future well. It is of fundamental importance to analyse the adverse effects of human activities, to treat more effectively and to minimize the volumes of wastewater produced. With the successive development of water management systems in the future it may become advisable to reconsider the August

—September period regarded thus far critical for water resources. Efficiency studies in the future must be extended to the entire influence area of a project and must be enlarged to systems analyses. The forecasts made abroad should be analysed and utilized, making use of the results of other sciences, such as demography, prognostics, futurology, etc. Provisions must be made also for checking the realization of long-term plans compiled earlier. Dr. G. Hankó Dr. L. Danicska has called attention to important aspects which arise necessarily when formulating the long-term water management programs for watersheds shared by several countries. This contribution serves to list the elements taken usually into consideration in the practice of water management balances for international purposes. The positive side of the balance comprises the entering and leaving discharges, imports of water, storage and return of used effluents. The negative side of the balance comprises the consumption grouped according to diverse uses, and the minimum guaranteed obligatory discharge which must not be diverted from the bed. Some of the changes caused by socio-economic evolution can be followed with a certain accuracy, while others call for the introduction of correction factors in the balance. Gy. Háhn The key to further development in the practice of long-term planning is analysis, the aim of which is to identify, explore and classify the technical-economic factors affecting the actual water uses. By improving the economic analytical work and by reconsidering the forecasts it will be found possible to avoid, or reduce exaggregated forecasts in estimating water demands in the more distant future. C. Parvulescu (Bucharest, Rumania) The planning program and the allocation of water resources and water uses have assumed important roles in modern times. Research into methodology, into the optimization of water resources allocation and into optimal planning methods is under way in Rumania as well. An optimization model resembling that of the Bulgarian collegues and a method of minimizing costs have been developed. The necessity is felt for dynamic programming and for using computers. Great importance must be attributed to exchange of experiences in planning and forecasting, further to cooperation in the elaboration of experimental programs. Such cooperation has already been realized between the COMECON countries. Gy. Pintér Owig to the complex regional approach incorporated in them, the regional pollution control plans may become one of the fundamental documents for the development of advanced water quality control systems. The pollution control representative areas program started under UN sponsorship offers welcome opportunities for an appreciable development of the methods of regional water quality planning. Under the Sajó region pollution control programme the practical elaborataion of a technico-economic model is also envisaged, so that the water quality regional plans may become even more important decision preparation material as before. Mrs. Dr. D. Dulovics At the Water Management and Hydrotechnical Construction Institute, Budapest University of Technology and at the Chair for Public Works, „Ybl Miklós" Engineer School of the Building Industry, regular research work has been conducted for a longer period into the probable trends and forecasting possibilities of future communal water demands. Using data of representative consumption measurements at several settlements the variations in water demand were analysed together with the factors affecting it. The involved mechanism of the operative factors, further the identification of causes and consequences can be explored by correlation analysis using the basic methods of probability theory. This will also reveal which are the primary and secondary factors to be considered in estimating variations in water demand. Gazo Vladislav i The state water management plan elaborated in Czechoslovakia between 1949 and 1954 has proved more significant than originally contemplated. Work is under way on the second, revised edition of th,e plan. In water management forecasts extending to at least 20, but preferably more years must be adopted as the starting basis. With the evolution of society and with the development of material production the complexity of the sphere of water management increases continuously. The integration trend of water management systems is therefore expected to grow beyond the scope and boundaries of the individual countries. Dr. P. Salamin The water utilization parameter suggested by Dr. I. Oroszlány has been used in a slightly modified form in the studies conducted together with A. Barna. Allowance is made therein for the dependence of the moisture stored in the soil on the water budget conditions of the antecedent year, as well as for surface runoff. The water utilization factor tends to increase towards a certain lower limit, implying that the plant is virtually forced in dry periods to make the best use of the little water available. One of the main problems in advanced plant growing, soil cultivation and water management will become the more efficient utilization of water budget situations. Complementary comments are attached to the interesting paper of I. Árkai from the aspects of the planner and the designer alike. Studies on the water utilization factor as a first step, and on the specific yield, as the second, are suggested. The introduction of a new comprehensive hydroeconomical parameter appears conceivable, which could be related to the entire product volume attainable in animal breeding. A. Barna Long-term plannig in water management involves a new approach and the application of methods resulting thereform. Inasmuch as it is desired to look beyond the perspectives commonly adopted in national economic planning, the integrated unity of water managemend processes must be adopted, around which