Hidrológiai Közlöny 1972 (52. évfolyam)

4-5. szám - Dr. Szigyártó Zoltán: Sorozatban gyártott palástos vízadagolók üzemi körülmények közötti vízszállítása

194 Hidrológiai Közlöny 1972. 4—5. sz. Dr. Szigyártó Z.: Sorozatban gyártott palástos vízadagolótcoopyjKCHHC Tuna III. (Piic. 1 —3.) népe« otíbiraMii Gujia ycraiioHjicua TO'IHOCTI> <|)opMiipoBanníi cTaJibHi.ix KOIIcrpvKuiiií II ycTaHOBJieHa raione, MTO 3HaMemm, peiuaioII|HM oOpasoM xapaKTepHbic na no/taw BO«bi m n A (pnc. 4, raG.ii. 1) Gojibuie, MCM rpeöyeMbie N nosroMy coopy>KeHHH BEPIIHTHO Gy;iyT iiowaBaTb Gojibuic BO;H>I, MCM iipoei<THpycMa>i. B XOAE UPOBE/TCHIIJI OIIHTOB ypoBHH BO/TBI fíbuiii onpeACJICHH C TOMHOCTbK) CM-OB. C OCOßeHHüÜ TIHaTejIbHOCTbK) CJIEFLHJUI 3a TEM, MTOGM II3MEPEHHH CMJIH SOCTOBCPHHMH H NE B03HHKJIH peryjmpHbie OUIHÖKH. B L(CJIÍIX 3Toro — raM rue 3TO rpeGoBajiocb — na OCHOB3HHH HSMepemiii, cneHiiajibHO npoBe^eHHbix aroii nejin HcnpaBHjin anaieHHM pacxo/TOB, onpe^ejieHiibix BcpTyniKaMii CKOpoCTH. ripii oGpaGüTKe /tamibix n:tMcpennii wejiajni nojiymnb oTBer Ha cJie^yiomHe Bonpoci.i: 1. y;ieJibHbiii pacxo;i BOÍU>I q, npureKaiouiHií npii e;UIHHHHOÍÍ uiiipiiHe KDJKyxoBoro pacnpe^ejiHrejiíi BO;IL.I — Iipn HHblX IipOMHX paBHHX yCJlOBHHX 3HBHCHT J1H OT Miicjia, Bejiiminibi n pacnojioweHHji pacnpe«ejiHie;ibHbix CFLHHHU? 2. rpaHcnopT BOAI>I coopywemiíiMii Tuna II (npn o/wiiaKOBOM MHCJIE coopy>KeHHii II 0/|HIIAK0B0 pacnoJio)KCHllbix e^HHIIU) — npn HHblX IipO'IHX paBHblX YCJIOBIIÍIX — coBna^acT JIH? 3. npHHHThiii B pacid- H3MeHCHiie ypoBHH Bepxnero Gbeijia, cooTBeTCTByiomec ± 10% íisMetieHHji pacxo^a ciiBnaflaer JIH c HOMHHajibUbiMii 3HaHennHMH, yimbiBaeMblMII Iipil IipOBeTpOBaHllH? 4. KaKiie pacxoabi íiBJifiioTCM pacierHbiMH HaxpaHcnopT BOÄbl npn 3a;|aHHblX np0ll3B0ACTBCHHhlX yCJIOBHJlX? AHaJiHs K03(J)(|)imiieHTa pacxo«a c noMouibio MaTeiwaTHMecKoii CTaTHCTHKH ii npuGbi Student (TaGjiiiHa 2—7) «aji CJie^yioiHHC oGmiie pe3yjibTaTbi: Pacriojio>KeHHbic pn^oM apyr c apyroiw e^HHiiqbi Ko>KyxoBbix pacnpcACjiHTeJieii jiHuib ror«a He BUIIÍIIOT Ha paGoTy flpyr ;tpyra, ecjni Boaa riocTynaer na coopyH<emic i|)poHTaJibHo. yflejibHbiii pacxofl coopyweHiiii, BCTPOCHiibix B rejio flaMGhi KaHaJiOB H 3aGnpaioinnx BO^Y riepnenAHKyjiíipHO Teiemno, 3aBHCHT OT Toro, KaKafl H3 pacnpeflejiHTejibiibix eAHHim HJIH >Ke KaKasi KOMGHHauiiH HX HaXOÄHTCH OTKpbITOH. MCXOFLJL H3 yKa3ailHOrO, OUIHGKa paciipeaejieHiiji — ripn npo<iHx paBHbix ycjioBiiíix — ywc caMa HÜ ceGe MO>KCT «ocrimb onpeACJiCHiioro B OTe'iecTBeHHwx ycjioBiwx- npe^cjia norpeuiHocTH B pa3Mepe ± 10%. B XOfle MOHTHpOBaHHÍI CTajIbHOÖ KOHCrpyKUHH II npn ycTpoíicTBe „KOJKV'xa", 3aKpbiBaK)iucro CBepxy OTBepcTiie HCTENEHUH, «A>KE MajiefmiaH HCTO'iHOCTb MOJKCT cyinecTBeHHo noBJiHHTb na Boflonoflany coopy>KeHHfl. noflaia Bo«bi 'iepe3 KOM<yx<>Bbiii pacnpeflejniTe^b B Iip0H380flCTBeHHbIX V'CJIOBIIJIX 3Ha

lIHTCJIbH0 GojlbUIC, HeM npoeKTHpyeiwaH. B cjiyMae BKcnjiyaTaHHH npn OTKPBIRHH OflHHaKOBbix oTBCpcTiiií TOMHocTb, oiipe^eJieHHaH c ynSTOM MiiHiiMaJibHoro ii MaKCHMaJibHoro TpaHcnopTa BOÄbl, ivieHbiiie HaMeneiiHoro 3HA*ienn>i —10%; paaiwep TOIHOCTH BCERJ;A /IOXOÄHT ÄO 15% II BOOGUIC iipeBbiiuacr 17% (pnc. 5—8). Discharge under normal operating conditions (hrough mantle-type distributors manufactured in series By. Dr. Szigyártó, Z. Candidate of Technical Sciences Under a research contract signed in 1963 with the Trans-Tisza District. Water Authority, the Research Institute for Water Resources Development conducted a si udy into the operation of the principal canal of the irrigation section K. IV., with the objective of submitting proposals for improving operation

, should this be found necessary. The results of these studies have revealed as one of the most important factors in improving the low engineering efficiency of operation, the replacement of pipe culverts — controlled by timber gates only and thus unsuited for reliable water distribution — by more suitable structures. For this reason several new mantle-type distributors were installed on the K. IV. principal and the Institute was invited to check the operation thereof by appropriate series of measurements. Tho checks performed under this program have shown the mantle-typo distributors to function improperly and a brief report has been submitted to (lie Trans-Tisza District Water Authority. Tho years elapsed since have brought new advances in irrigation development. In the irrigation sections supplied from the storage above the Tisza II Barrage project an even more widespiead use of mantle-type distributor's is contemplated. Attention has thus again been focussed on the poor operation thereof and a del ailed report was compiled by the Institute for the Consulting Bureau of Hydraulic Projects, National Water Authority, on the operational characteristics of mantle-type distributors on the K. IV. principal canal. Consequently, the Institute conducted (his si udy with the aim of meeting these demands. For studying the operai ion of mantle-type distributors, four structures of Type II and one of Type III could be examined (Figs, 1 to 3). Prior to the tests the steel structures were checked for the accuracy of manufacture. The TO and A values which are of decisive importance for conveyance were found to be larger than specified (Fig. 4, Tabic 1) and thus t he structures were anticipated to deliver more than the design discharge. During the tests stages were determined with an accuracy of centimeters. Special care was taken to ensure t he reliability of observation data and to keep them free of regular errors. For this purpose, where this was found necessary, the discharges determined with the help of revolving current meters were corrected on the basis of comparative measurements performed especially for this purpose. In processing the measurement data answers were sought to the following cptestions: 1. In what, manner does the specific discharge q passing through unit width of mantle-type distributors depend — under otherwise indetical conditions — on the number, size and relative position of the operating dist ribution units? 2. Is the discharge through distributors of Type II in the same arrangement (the same number of distributor units installed in the same pattern), but mounted at different locations identical, under otherwise identical condit ions? 3. In the range of headwater fluctuations pertaining to 10% discharge fluctuations considered afj the design value in dimensioning mantle-type distributors, is the discharge passing the distributors the same as the nominal value for which the distributors were designed? 4. Under the particular conditions of operation what discharge values are critical for the conveyance of mantle-type distributors? The discharge coefficients were subjected to a mathematical —statist ical analysis using the Student test (Table 2

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7) and concerning the questions listed before, the following answers of general validity were obtained: Distributor units mounted side-by-side in mantle-type distributor structures will interfere with each other, unless the flow arrives frontally to the structure. Consequently, the discharge through structures located in canal embankments and diverting water perpendicular to the main direction of flow will depend on which unit., or which combination of units, is operated. The discharge error resulting from this single factor may alone — under otherwise identical conditions — attain the 10% limit specified under domestic regulations. Minor inaccuracies during the assembly of the steel structure, in mounting the "mantle" which closes the discharge port from above, may affect considerably the discharge through the structure in the case of flow through the discharge port. The discharge through mantle-type distributors was found to be invariably greater than the design value. The accuracy of discharge regulation, determined for tho smallest and greatest discharges within the range of operation and for the operation of the same openings proved poorer than 10%, in that it invariably attained 15%, the average being higher than 17% (Figs. 5 to 8).