Hidrológiai Közlöny 1969 (49. évfolyam)

1. szám - Dr. Szabó Zoltán: A természetes felszínű vizek és szennyvizek biológiai minősítésének tanulságai

Dr. Szabó Z.: Biológiai minősítés tanulságai Hidrológi i Közlöny 1969. 1. sz. 3 TKM fOO rpa + ra + r<x/? + zp In order to test the correctness of this assuinption, 184!) 7'k-,% determinations that have been performed so far and accompanied by biological water classification, were processed by methods of mathematical statistics (Table 1). Using the tabulated values the ranges oi'7\,% pertaining to various biological water qualities have been coinpiled in Fig. 5, where the results of individual analyses c&n be entered. The mean values of these ranges are denoted by "4." and Table 1. Fig. 4. Linear relationship between purifieation, purification capacity and biological quality of different waters, based on theoretical considerations. The Tk, % versus water quality plot is illustrated in the figure. The ordinates are Tk, % values, while the ranges of biological water quality have been entered on the abscissa axis 4. ábra. Az egyes vízféleségek megtisztítása, a tisztítóképesség és a biológiai vízminőség közötti lineáris összefüggés elméleti meggondolásainak alapján. Az ábrán egyes Tk% értékek és a vízminőség közti kapcsolatra mutatunk rá. Az ordinátán a Tk% értékei, míg az abcisszán a vízminőség biológiai tartományai szerepelnek Abb. 4. Selbstreinigung der einzelnen Wasserarten, aufgrund der theoretischen Erwagung der linearen Zusammenhange zwischen Beinigungsfahigkeit und der biologischen Wasserqualitat. In der Abbildung weisen wir auf den Zusammenhang zwischen den einzelnen Tk % - Werten und der Wassergüte hiti. Auf der Ordinate figurieren die Werte des Tk% und auf der Abszisse die biologischen fíereichc der Wassergüte tion method has been offered for both engineers and sanitarv officers, as well as to chemists engaged in pollution control. The identical configuration of curve "p" in the three diagrams gave the idea for constructing Fig. 4. This is based on the assumption that from polisaprobe to beta-mesosaprobe water quality the value of 7

7k,% varies from 0% to 100 per cent according to a linear relationship. If this assumption is vaíid, then a nomograph is obtained which is of considerable help to hydrobiologists investigating the quality of water. In fact no more than the magnitude of Tk, % must be found, whereafter the biological quality of the particular sample under consideration is obtained by the simple application of this nomograph. Converselv, if the, biological water quality is determined by anv other method, the nomograph will yield the magnitude of 7\,%. The percentage value of purifieation ability (7'k,%) is the ratio of the sum of all non polisaprobe bio-indicators to the sum of all bio-indicators in the biocoenosis of the water sample, expressed as percentage value.* Biological water quality class Rangé of Tk, % values Number of determinations Mean of Tk, % values 0 39 0 P 0.1— 3.9 26 2.15 Pa

a 4.0— 11.9 80 7.64 p Totál 0.0— 11.9 145 4.60 Pia 12.0— 19.9 122 15.77 pa 20.0— 29.7 168 23.55 pai 28.0— 36.9 229 30.73 pa Totál . . . 12.0— 36.9 519 24.89 pa

2 37.0— 44.9 125 40.46 45.0— 53.9 102 48.89 a

2/S 54.0— 61.9 85 67.58 a Totál 37.0— 61.9 312 47.88 a,/3 52.0— 69.9 127 65.46 a/3 70.0— 78.9 184 74.10 a/3, 79.0— 86.9 255 82.89 a/3 Totál . . . 62.0— 86.9 566 76.16 a/?» 87.0— 94.9 195 90.55 iS 95.0— 99.9 104 96.39 a/?„ Totál 100 8 99.75 a/?„ 100 8 99.75 /? Totál 87.0—100.0 307 92.77 100, Zp + L'pa + ra + La fi + 2-/3 where the nolation is that indicated in the table, "i" is the surranod frequency of occurenee. Key Explanation of abbreviations used in the table for biological water quality classes sh = super-hypersaprobe stage, the water sample eontains o n 1 y polisaprobe baeteria h = hypersaprobe stage, besides baeteria polisaprobe flagellata and ciliata appear p = polisaprobe stage p

2tx = transition of the polisaprobe stage into the "poc" stage p

1 a = "pa" stage, eloser to polisaprobity pa = the proper intermediary stage between poli- and alpha-meso-saprobity paj = "pa" stage, eloser to the alpha-mesosaprobe stage pa

2 = alpha-mesosaprobe stage, eloser to the "pa" stage a = alpha-mesosaprobe stage a

2/3 = "a" stage, eloser to the intermediary stage between alpha- and beta inesosaprobity a

1/? = "ajS" stage, eloser to the alpha-mesosaprobe stage a/3 = the proper intermediary stage between alpha- and beta mesosaprobity a/?

l = "a/?" stage, eloser to beta-mesosaprobity a/?

s = beta-mesosaprobe stage, eloser to "a/3" mesosaprobity /} = beta-mesosaprobe stage o/?

2 = beta-mesosaprobe stage approaching oligosaprobity Qualities sh, li, p

2a, p,a, pa and pa

t are classifiedint^ Utilization Class IV. Qualities pa

2, a, a

2/3 are classified into Utilization Olass III. Qualities a,/3, a/?, a/3j are elassified into Utilization Class II. Qualities a/3

2, ff, ofi are classified into Utilization Class I. Accordingly Class I denotes unpolluted, elear, Class II slightly ])ollut.ed, Class Ili highly polluted water, while Class IV denotes sewage.