Archívum - A Heves Megyei Levéltár közleményei 15. (Eger, 1998)
TANULMÁNYOK • KÖZLEMÉNYEK - Besze Tibor: Gyöngyösi urbáriumok; contractusok és conscriptiok tanulságai (XVIII-XIX. század) • 27
provided to the landlord. Regarding the services of the serves the urbariums and contractuses as well as the conscriptions taking stock of the tax-paying inhabitants and the allowances paid by them, are considered to be the basic types of sources. In the cultivation of the town which was jointly possesed by several landlords wine-growing played the most important role. The natural environment and the scantiness of the land helped the development of the labour-consuming agrarian section which alsó had a good markét. Most of the inhabitants of Gyöngyös lived on wine-growing either as owners or as day-workes. At the beginning of the 18 n century the landlords imposed the rate on the whole community in one sum regardless of its population. This rate was divided among them according to the size of their lands. Wine-which was the most significant sort of rate - was collected from people of most different legal status and social position in Gyöngyös under the name of dinnyebor (ninth of wine). The ohter allowances were redeemed by products, and forced labour. The Urbaruim of the Maria Theresa age was not initiated in its originál form, but the inhabitants of the town were legally regarded to be cottars since 1771. One part of them were rich wine-growers. The number of craftsmen and merchents was slowly increasing.The unification of the allowances of the serves in 1767 did not cause a significant change in the life of the inhabitants of the market-town. The ratepaying of the serves both before and after the unification was regulated by contractuses of free arguments though the principles of the Urbaruim served as a bases for the contracts after 1771. There were alsó somé arable land and vineyards in the town for which no allowance was provided to the landlord. It is the task of future researches to clarify how these lands became allowance-free. 54
